Transcript Blood - Quia

Blood
Overview… Blah…
• What it is
• Structures & Functions
• Parts of blood
–
–
–
–
–
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Plasma
Platelets
Lymph
• Blood Type and Rh Factor
• Blood Extras…
– Blood Donation
– Infection
– Blood-doping
Blood – What it is?...
• Specialized fluid in the body.
• Delivers necessary substances.
– Nutrients
– Oxygen
• Removes waste products from cells.
– Carbon dioxide
– Cell waste
Parts of the Blood
Structures & Functions of Blood
Structure Red Blood White
Function
Cells
Blood
Cells
Gas
Transport
Immune
response
Platelets
Plasma
Clotting
Nutrient &
waste
transport
Red Blood Cells
• A.k.a. Erthrocytes (“red” & “cell”)
• Deliver oxygen & remove carbon dioxide
and other waste.
• Red because it contains hemoglobin which
binds oxygen. Bluer when oxygen-poor.
• Made in bone marrow in humans.
– Live for 120 days
– No organelles or nucleus
– Single drop = millions of cells
White Blood Cells
White Blood Cells
• A.k.a. leukocytes (“white” & “cell”)
• Cells of the immune system
– Defend the body against infectious disease
and foreign materials.
– Indicator of disease – 1% of blood in healthy
adult. Greater # may mean infection.
• Produced in the bone marrow.
• Live a few days to a few weeks.
Platelets
Platelets
• A.k.a. Thrombocytes
• Responsible for clotting of the blood when
exposed to air.
– Small, colorless, irregular shape, sticky
surfaces.
• Life span of 8-12 days
• Excessive bleeding can occur if their
numbers are too low.
Plasma
• Responsible for transport
of cells. Like the stream
to fish.
– Carries dissolved salts (Ca,
Na, Mg, K)
– Transports blood, glucose,
carbon dioxide.
• ~55% of blood. Strawcolored, clear liquid.
Mostly (~90%) water.
• Serum is plasma without
clotting proteins.
Blood Types & Rh Factor
Blood Types & Rh Factor
• A, B, AB, O refer to the presence or
absence of antigens in the blood.
– O is most common (neither antigen).
– Blood types are inherited.
• Rh refers to the Rhesus Monkey – an
antigen (D) is present in some people
(which is common to Rhesus) = +.
– 85% are + (99% Asians are +)
– 15% are -.
RBC Compatibility
Recipient[1] Donor[1]
O− O+ A− A+ B− B+ AB− AB+
O−
O+
A−
A+
B−
B+
AB−
AB+
Conditions
• Anemia – a symptom in which there are
reduced RBC’s. Other symptoms are pale
skin, feel weak, fast heart beat.
• Leukemia – cancer affecting bone marrow
and immunity.
• Sickle-cell – anemia resulting genetically.
RBC’s are sickle shaped.