Transcript Molecular ecology, quantitative genetic and genomics

Molecular ecology, quantitative
genetic and genomics
Dave Coltman
+
Melissa Gunn, Andrew Leviston, Katie
Hartnup & Jon Slate
Past, present & future
• Characterized microsatellites previously
developed at U of A and new ones
developed at Sheffield (NERC 2003-2004)
• Genotyping and pedigree in progress
(NERC Sheffield 2004-2005)
• Quantitative genetic analyses next (NERC
Sheffield 2005-2006)
• Genomics (U of A 2005+ ?)
Molecular ecology
• Microsatellites developed in Sheffield &
will/can be used for
– Parentage (vertical pedigree)
• paternity
– Kinship (horizontal pedigree)
• Full sib vs. half sib vs. unrelated
– Relatedness
• Pair-wise R network across population
Molecular ecology
• Mating system (Jeff)
– Levels of multiple paternity and polygyny
• Male mating success (Jeff)
– Relationship between phenotype and paternity
• Spatial relatedness structure (Jeff & Mark)
– relationship to dispersal dynamics & resource
abundance
Quantitative genetics
• Estimation of (co)variance components
• Prediction of individual genetic values
The animal model
yi =  + ai + ci +  i
Fixed effects
(e.g. age, year)
Additive genetic
breeding value
Other specific
environmental effect
VP = VA + VE + VR
h2 = VA / VP
Residual error
NERC Objectives
1. Heritability of trait means and plasticities
Phenotype (X[E])
X ( E )  c0  c1 E  e
hX2 ( E )
Environment (E)
VA (c0 )  2CovA E  V A (c1 ) E 2

VP
NERC Objectives (2)
2. Identify constraints/accelerants through
multivariate models (genetic correlations
and maternal effects)
2
RX   X hX   Y hY hX rA
3. Characterize selection, predict response
and compare to observed data & ebv
4. What happens under supplementation?
Other QG ideas?
• Other traits
– Heritability and ebvs for physiological,
metabolic, behavioural parameters?
• Spatial QG structure
– Spatial autocorrelation in ebvs, relationship
with resource landscape, temporal stability
Genomics
*QG basis means we can focus on heritable traits
using ebvs*
• Targeted gene approach
– Use bioinformatics to sequence specific genes &
search for association with ebv
• Sciurid genome map & QTL scan
– map linkage groups & fish for association with ebv
• Population genomics
– Map QTL & genes onto broad scale environmental &
biogeographic gradients