Transcript Soc. St. Study guide

Soc. St. Study guide
Chapter 20 and 21
1) Vernacular - the everyday language
people speak in a region
1) Leonardo da Vinci - great Italian
Renaissance scientist, inventor, and
artist
3) humanism - the belief the individual
and human society and important
4) William Shakespeare - great English
Renaissance playwright
5) Johannes Gutenberg developed the
printing press
6) Peasants who were hired by
merchants to make goods in their
homes were part of a system called the
cottage industry.
7) Columbus believed that he had been
exploring the coast of Asia instead of
the Americas.
8) The dome of Florence’s cathedral
was a great engineering feat at the
time.
9) Native Americans who ruled the
empire in Peru - Inca
10) Catholic missionaries who taught
Christianity to Native Americans Jesuits
11) a fur-trading post
established by Samuel de
Champlain in New France Quebec
12) circumnavigate - to go completely
around something, such as the world
13) Treaty of Tordesillas - an agreement that
divided the Americas between Spain and
Portugal
14) tried to make England a catholic
country - Mary I
15) a time of rebirth of interest in art
and learning in Europe - Renaissance
16) English playwright who wrote
tragedies and comedies - William
Shakespeare
17) an artistic technique using light and
shadows to soften edges chiaroscuro
18) Became Holy Roman Emperor in
1519 - Charles V
19) Famous medieval scholar of
ancient Roman writers - Petrarch
20) outlawed freedom of religion in
France -Catherine de’ Medici
21) founded the Jesuits - Ignatius of
Loyola
22) fleet defeated by the English in 1588 Spanish Armada
23) a belief that the outcomes of people’s
lives are planned in advance by God predestination
24) John Calvin spread the idea of
Protestantism across Northern Europe.
25) Indulgence - certificate that granted
pardon for sins
26) belief that God has already decided
who will go to heaven and who will not predestination
27) the young monk who challenged
the Roman Catholic Church, eventually
starting a new religion - John Calvin
28) The belief that led to protestantism
is reformation.
29) Religious court that tried and
punished people for heresy - Spanish
Inquisition
30) A special school for training and
educating priests is called seminary.
31) Wealthy French Protestants who
followed the teaching of John Calvin Huguenots
32) Tried to end conflict between
Catholics and Protestants after
becoming king of France - Henry of
Navarre
33) The Protestant queen who became one
of the greatest rulers in English history Elizabeth I
34) Who wrote the famous novel Don
Quixote? Miguel de Cervantes
35) This famous Renaissance artist
painted the ceilings of the Sistine
Chapel at the Vatican in Rome.
Michelangelo
36) What Renaissance invention aided
the spread of ideas? the printing press
37) Who sailed around the world in
1520? Magellan
38) Why are preachers of indulgences
in error? They teach that indulgences
can free people of punishment for their
sins.
39) How was Francisco Pizarro
rewarded by the Spanish king for the
downfall of the Inca? The king granted
him governorship of Peru.
40) Whom did Renaissance humanists
study to increase their knowledge of
different topics through reason? the
Romans and Greeks
41) Columbus believed that if he sailed
west, he would eventually reach Asia.
42) HOw did Calvinism affect society?
People worked hard and behaved well.
43) List two reasons why geography helped
Italian trade flourish, or succeed.
a. Italy is a long, narrow peninsula, which
allowed many cities to be port cities.
b. Italy is located in the middle of the
Mediterranean world with easy access to
many trade regions.
44) The humanist clergyman
Desiderius Erasmus criticized Church
corruption.
45) Gutenberg’s press helped spread
ideas by making books available to
more people.
46) How did the Crusades affect Italian
trade? They put Italian merchants in
contact with Arab merchants.
47) Who inspired many poor Spanish
nobles to become conquistadors?
Christopher Columbus
48) The blending of Europeans, Native
Americans, and Africans resulted in a
new culture.
49) Which contributed to
Protestantism’s success? Some kings
and princes supported it.
50) During the 1600’s, the English
government was interested in setting up furtrading posts in North America. False
51) Atahualpa, the Inca ruler, honored
Pizarro’s request that he give up his gods.
False