Transcript Biology Chapter 1

Chapter 1
What is Biology?
Biology
• The study of life.
– Biologists study living things and their
interactions with the environment.
• Later we will learn this includes the living and
nonliving parts of the environment.
The Nature of Science
•
•
•
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The natural world is understandable.
Science is a blend of logic and imagination
Science demands evidence
Science is composed of hypotheses, theories,
and laws
• Science is a social activity
• Science avoids bias
• Scientific ideas are subject to change
Scientific Methods
• Science is not a step by step procedures
• New scientific knowledge is gathered by
continuously evaluating and testing new
ideas in order to understand natural
phenomena.
• Methods Notes and Review
8 Characteristics of Living Things
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Have an orderly structure
Have DNA/Universal Genetic Code
Reproduce
Grow and develop
Adapt
Require the ability to obtain, and use Energy
Maintain Homeostasis
Evolve
1. Living things have an organized
structure.
• Cells make tissues,
tissues make organs,
organs make organ
systems, and organ
systems make an
organism
• All living things are
made of cells
2. Have DNA
• All living things have a universal genetic
code found in the sequence of amino
acids in DNA
• Forensics and Epidemiologists use these
codes to solve crime and find cures and
treatments for diseases.
3. Living Things Reproduce
• Try to name
a living thing
that does
not
reproduce.
You can’t!
The species
would be
EXTINCT!
4. Growth and Development
• Growth – the
increase in the
amount of living
material and
formation of new
structures.
• Development – All
of the changes that
take place during
the life of an
organism.
5. Adapt to their surroundings
• Living things need to change with their
environmental factors. (weather, rainfall,
temperature, other organisms, etc.)
– Stimulus – anything in an organisms
environment that causes the organism to
react.
– A Reaction to the Stimulus is called a
Response
6. Obtain and Use ENERGY
• Required to maintain reproduction, growth
and development, respond to stimuli, and
maintain homeostasis.
• Comes from food. Plants get energy for
making their own food from the sun.
7. Maintain HOMEOSTASIS
• Maintaining an internal balance
• This is an internal response to internal stimuli
without this an organism DIES.
– Example: Increased blood sugar levels Increases
Insulin to keep you from going into shock. Diabetes
is a malfunction in this homeostatic process.
8.Evolve
•
Adaptations help an organism Evolve
–
•
When an organism inherits a trait that
allows them to better respond to their
environmental changes.
Evolution
–
Gradual changes in an organism over time.
THIS IS THE KEY TO THE DIVERSITY OF
ORGANISMS ON EARTH!!!!
Careers in Biology
• What careers can you think of that involve
Biology?
• Each group will brainstorm and choose a
career in Biology that they would like to
learn more about. Be able to tell the class
what makes the career important to
society and why it is needed.
Review
• What are the 8 characteristics of living
things.
• Create a Foldable to help you review and
study the 8 characteristics of living things.
You must include BRIEF descriptions,
color, and pictures!
• There is a prize for the best Foldable.