Transcript Revolutions (1350 – 1900 a.d.)

Revolutions
1350 – 1900
What is a “revolution”?
 A radical or drastic change, specifically focusing
on society, technology or individuals.
 Revolutions take the shape of many forms, such as
events, thoughts, beliefs, processes, images, ideas
and transformations…
 Revolutions, or changes, happen frequently to
adapt with the new times or just out of necessity.
Format for your “Revolution” notes…
 Name of “revolution”
 When?
 Where?
 Why?
 Lasting impact?
 Interesting aspects?
Revolutions
1350 – 1900
•Renaissance (1350 – 1600)
•Commercial Revolution (1400 – 1550)
•English Civil War (1640 – 1660)
•Enlightenment (1700’s)
•American Revolution (1763 – 1783)
•French Revolution (1789)
•Napoleon Bonaparte (1799 – 1815)
•Industrial Revolution (1800’s)
•Latin American Revolutions (1800’s)
•Imperialism (1870 – 1900)
Renaissance
 When?
1350 – 1600
 Where?
Europe (origins in Italy)
 Why?
Encouraged new ideas
and a better lifestyle
 Lasting impact?
Basis for modern world
art, literature, science,
religion and exploration
 Interesting aspects? Printing
press, new discoveries and
influences in Americas
(P/S/F/E/N)
Arts and Architecture
Who were the greatest
talents of the Renaissance?
Famous artists of the Renaissance…
Sculptor
Dreamer!
Doer!
Carpe diem!
Artist
Inventor
Engineer
Military designer
Scientist
Surgeon
LEONARDO
Leonardo da Vinci
1452 - 1519
…the true
Renaissance
man!
http://library.thinkquest.org/13681/data/link2.htm
DONATELLO
Donato di Niccolò
di Betto Bardi
1386 - 1466
Sculptor of “life-size”
subjects
Influences based on
Greek and Roman
classical images and
designs
RAPHEAL
Rapheal Sanzio
1483 - 1520
Painter
Combined Christian
and Classical images
MICHELANGELO
Michelangelo Buonarroti
1475 – 1564
Sculptor
Painter
http://www.christusrex.org/www1/sistine/
”Iron rusts from disuse;
stagnant water loses its purity
and in cold weather becomes frozen;
even so does inaction sap
the vigor of the mind.”
Leonardo
”I saw the angel in the marble
and carved until I set him free.”
Michelangelo
Literature
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE
 Greatest literary figure
Dramas, comedies, tragedies
Entertainment and
enlightenment of society
Reformation
MARTIN LUTHER
Creation of
Protestant Churches
Challenged status
quo of church
traditions and
behavior
Simple messages of
the Bible
Scientific Discovery
SIR ISAAC NEWTON
Scientific discovery and knowledge using the
scientific method
Inquiry into the unknown and known to
further understanding of the world at large
Discovery
CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS
Explorations and discoveries sparked and
created an international (global) mentality
His curiosity led to exploration, discovery,
colonization assimilation and destruction
Commercial Revolution
When?
1400 – 1500
Where?
Europe (Origins in the
Netherlands)
Why?
Nations needed money; Dutch and
Jews become money-lenders
Lasting impact?
Modern-day banking; money lending
procedures
Interesting aspects?
Dutch/Jewish stereotype; greed;
prejudice
“…money makes the world go ‘round!”
English Civil War
When?
1640 – 1660
Where?
England
Why?
Monarchy neglects the common people;
revolt
Lasting impact?
Hatred for the monarchy; development of
democracy
Interesting aspects?
Oliver Cromwell; “People’s Army and
Government”
Enlightenment
When?
1700’s
Where?
Europe (origins in Paris, France)
Why?
Use “reason” to understand the truth;
optimism always creates progress in society
Lasting impact?
Montesquieu – 3 branches of
government; checks and balances
Voltaire – freedom of speech
Rousseau – majority rule; “natural man”
Interesting aspects?
Philosophies; “salons”; encyclopedia
American Revolution
When?
1763 – 1783
Where?
British Colonial America (13 Colonies)
Why?
To gain fair representation in society;
eventual independence, “stubborn parent,
rebellious teenager”
Lasting impact?
USA; new democratic nation
Interesting aspects?
1st successful revolution in all of world
history to form a new nation
French Revolution
When?
1789
Where?
Paris, France
Why?
Enlightenment encourages political and
social upheavels; exploitation of 3rd
Estate; inevitable violence
Lasting impact?
Oppression of the poor leads to complete
reforms in society
Interesting aspects?
1st Estate – church
2nd Estate – monarchy
3rd Estate - poor
“…the incident at the Bastille…”
Napoleon Bonaparte
When?
1799 – 1815
Where?
France
Why?
French domination of Europe
Lasting impact?
European nations unite against a
common foe; “balance of power”;
Congress of Vienna
Interesting aspects?
1st dictator and emperor of France;
foundation for future dictatorship
Latin American Revolutions
When?
1800’s
Where?
Central and South America
Why?
Independence; freedom; new rights in
society to make opportunity equal
Lasting impact?
New Latin American nations
Interesting aspects?
Latin American nations
followed the lead of
the American Revolution
Industrial Revolution
When?
1800’s
Where?
Worldwide
Why?
Advances in technology; inventions and
innovations
Lasting impact?
Factory production; new production
methods; improved living conditions;
monopolies; reform movements
Interesting aspects?
Science; medicine; population; education;
culture
Imperialism
When?
1870 – 1900
Where?
Worldwide
Why?
Empire building; “colonialism”
Lasting impact?
World leaders emerge – USA, England,
Japan and Germany
Interesting aspects?
Lead to eventual “superpowers” of the
20th Century and beyond
Revolutions
1350 – 1900