Transcript The Reformation and Counter Reformation

Popular Culture in Europe in the 1500’s
• The World was a spiritual
world, evil spirits.
• The village priest was often
illiterate, but a source of
comfort.
• Witches were suspected and
considered bad luck.
• Recreation was limited.
• Printing almanacs, broadsides
spread knowledge.
Daily Life Changed in Europe
• The standard of living
changed in Europe, more
people and fewer resources
led to inflation.
• The diet because of the
discovery of the New World
changed.
• Housing was harsh as more
people moved to the cities
• Traditional culture declined
The Scientific Revolution Swept Europe
• Experimentation through
observation started the
Scientific Revolution.
• Verifying results is known
as the scientific method.
• Astronomy, Physics and
Anatomy - Copernicus
disproved the geocentric
theory. Proposed the
heliocentric theory, sun
centered.
Physics, Astronomy and Anatomy cont.
• Kepler and Galileo proved
Copernicus’ theory of a
heliocentric solar system.
• Vesalius and William
Harvey - experimentation
and observation to improve
medicine.
• Descartes, Bacon, Pascal
were great thinkers of the
time. Isaac Newton Principals of Mathematics .
Other Great Inventors and Scientists
Descartes argued that
everything had to be proven.
Sir Isaac Newton and Leibniz
developed calculus.
Anton Leeuwenhoek discovered
the existence of bacteria.
Robert Hooke - the theory
of cells. Lavoisier and
Boyle -Oxygen.
The Scientific Revolution
Isaac Newton
• The Enlightenment Applied
Scientific Ideas to Politics
• The 1700’s are referred to as
the “Age of Enlightenment”
• Science and Reason could
explain everything in the
Universe.
• Rationalism - truth is arrived
at by using rational, logical
thinking. Everything in the
world can be explained.
The Social Contract
• Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were two
English philosophers who lived through
the English Civil War.
• Hobbes thought that man was cruel, and
greedy. To escape anarchy one needed to
live by a social contract. A strong
government = peace
• Locke thought that people were basically
good. People had natural rights, life
liberty and the right to own property. If
government violates the rights-bye govt.