Transcript Revolutions (1350 – 1900 a.d.)

Revolutions
1350 – 1900
What is a “revolution”?
 A radical or drastic change, specifically focusing
on society, technology or individuals.
 Revolutions take the shape of many forms, such as
events, thoughts, beliefs, processes, images, ideas
and transformations…
 Revolutions, or changes, happen frequently to
adapt with the new times or just out of necessity.
Format for your “Revolution” notes…
Name of “revolution”
 When?
 Where?
 Why?
 Lasting impact?
 Interesting aspects?
Revolutions
1350 – 1900
•Renaissance (1350 – 1600)
•Commercial Revolution (1400 – 1550)
•English Civil War (1640 – 1660)
•Enlightenment (1700’s)
•American Revolution (1763 – 1783)
•French Revolution (1789)
•Napoleon Bonaparte (1799 – 1815)
•Industrial Revolution (1800’s)
•Latin American Revolutions (1800’s)
•Imperialism (1870 – 1900)
Renaissance
 When?
1350 – 1600
 Where?
Europe (origins in Italy)
 Why?
Encouraged new ideas
and a better lifestyle
 Lasting influence?
Basis for modern world
art, literature, science,
religion and exploration
 Interesting aspects? Printing
press, new discoveries and
influences in Americas
(P/S/E/F/N)
Arts and Architecture
Who were the greatest
talents of the Renaissance?
Famous artists of the Renaissance…
Sculptor
Dreamer!
Doer!
Carpe diem!
Artist
Inventor
Engineer
Military designer
Scientist
Surgeon
LEONARDO
Leonardo da Vinci
1452 - 1519
…the true
Renaissance
man!
http://library.thinkquest.org/13681/data/link2.htm
DONATELLO
Donato di Niccolò
di Betto Bardi
1386 - 1466
Sculptor of “life-size”
subjects
Influences based on
Greek and Roman
classical images and
designs
RAPHEAL
Rapheal Sanzio
1483 - 1520
Painter
Combined Christian
and Classical images
MICHELANGELO
Michelangelo Buonarroti
1475 – 1564
Sculptor
Painter
http://www.christusrex.org/www1/sistine/
”Iron rusts from disuse;
stagnant water loses its purity
and in cold weather becomes frozen;
even so does inaction sap
the vigor of the mind.”
Leonardo
”I saw the angel in the marble
and carved until I set him free.”
Michelangelo
Literature
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE
 Greatest literary figure
Dramas, comedies, tragedies
Entertainment and
enlightenment of society
Reformation
MARTIN LUTHER
Creation of
Protestant Churches
Challenged status
quo of church
traditions and
behavior
Simple messages of
the Bible
Scientific Discovery
SIR ISAAC NEWTON
Scientific discovery and knowledge using the
scientific method
Inquiry into the unknown and known to gain
further understanding of the world at large
Discovery
CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS
Explorations and discoveries sparked and
created an international (global) mentality
His curiosity led to exploration, discovery,
colonization, assimilation and destruction
Commercial Revolution
When?
1400 – 1500
Where?
Europe (Origins in the
Netherlands)
Why?
Nations needed money; Dutch and
Jews become money-lenders
Lasting impact?
Modern-day banking; money lending
procedures
Interesting aspects?
Dutch/Jewish stereotype; greed;
prejudice
“…money makes the world go ‘round!”
English Civil War
When?
1640 – 1660
Where?
England
Why?
Monarchy neglects the common people;
revolt
Lasting impact?
Hatred for the monarchy; development of
democracy
Interesting aspects?
Oliver Cromwell; “People’s Army and
Government”
Enlightenment
When?
1700’s
Where?
Europe (origins in Paris, France)
Why?
Use “reason” to understand the truth;
optimism always creates progress in society
Lasting impact?
Montesquieu – 3 branches of
government; checks and balances
Voltaire – freedom of speech
Rousseau – majority rule; “natural man”
Interesting aspects?
Philosophies; “salons”; encyclopedia
American Revolution
When?
1763 – 1783
Where?
British Colonial America (13 Colonies)
Why?
To gain fair representation in society;
eventual independence, “stubborn parent,
rebellious teenager”
Lasting impact?
USA; new democratic nation
Interesting aspects?
1st successful revolution in all of world
history to form a new nation
French Revolution
When?
1789 – mid-1790’s
Where?
Paris, France
Why?
Enlightenment encourages political and
social reforms; exploitation of 3rd Estate;
inevitable violence; follows lead and ideals
of American Revolution
Lasting impact?
Oppression of the poor leads to complete
reforms in society
Interesting aspects?
1st Estate – church
2nd Estate – monarchy/nobles
3rd Estate - poor
“…the incident at the Bastille…”
Napoleon Bonaparte
When?
1799 – 1815
Where?
France
Why?
French domination of Europe
Lasting impact?
European nations unite against a
common foe; “balance of power”;
Congress of Vienna
Interesting aspects?
1st dictator and emperor of France;
foundation for future dictatorship
Industrial Revolution
When?
1800’s
Where?
Worldwide
Why?
Advances in technology; inventions and
innovations
Lasting impact?
Factory production; new production
methods; improved living conditions;
monopolies; reform movements
Interesting aspects?
Science; medicine; population; education;
culture
Latin American Revolutions
When?
1800’s
Where?
Central and South America
Why?
Independence; freedom; new rights
provide equal opportunities for everyone
in society
Lasting impact?
New Latin American nations
Interesting aspects?
Latin American nations
followed the lead of
the American Revolution
Imperialism
When?
1870 – 1900
Where?
Worldwide
Why?
Empire building; “colonialism”
Lasting impact?
World leaders emerge – USA, England,
Japan and Germany
Interesting aspects?
Lead to eventual “superpowers” of the
20th Century and beyond
Revolutions
1350 – 1900