Respiration PPT
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Transcript Respiration PPT
Cellular Respiration
Harvesting Chemical Energy
ATP
Regents Biology
2006-2007
Energy needs of life
Animals are energy consumers
What do we need energy for?
synthesis
reproduction
active transport
movement
temperature control
Regents Biology
Where do we get energy?
Energy is stored in organic molecules
carbohydrates, fats, proteins
Animals eat these organic molecules food
digest food to get
fuels for energy (ATP)
raw materials for building more molecules
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids
Regents Biology
Regents Biology
What is energy in biology?
ATPusable energy
Whoa!
Hot stuff!
Regents Biology
2006-2007
Harvesting energy stored in food
Cellular respiration
breaking down food to produce ATP
in mitochondria
using oxygen
formula shows glucose, but
that is just an example
could be other sugars, fats or proteins
glucose + oxygen carbon + water + energy
dioxide
C6H12O6 +
Regents Biology
6O2
6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP + heat
Regents Biology
What do we need to make energy?
Make ATP!
The “Furnace”
Make ATP!
All I do all day…
And no one
even notices!
mitochondria
Fuel
food
carbohydrates,
fats, proteins
food
The Helpers
oxygen
“aerobic”
enzymes
Regents Biology
O2
ATP
“Burn fuels” to make energy
combustion
making heat energy by burning fuels in one step
fuel
(carbohydrates)
O2
CO2 + H2O + heat
respiration
making ATP energy (& some heat) by burning fuels
in many small steps
ATP
Regents Biology
food
(carbohydrates)
O2
CO2 + H2O + ATP (+ heat)
Regents Biology
Using ATP to do work?
Can’t store ATP
too unstable
only used in cell
that produces it
only short term
energy storage
carbohydrates & fats
are long term
energy storage
Whoa!
Pass me
the glucose
& oxygen!
Regents Biology
ATP
work
ADP + P
A working muscle recycles over
10 million ATPs per second
A Body’s Energy Budget
eat
food
ATP
synthesis
storage
Regents Biology
{
{
{
• resting energy
• activity
• temperature
control
• growth
• reproduction
• glycogen
• fat
What if oxygen is missing?
Can’t complete aerobic respiration
alcohol fermentation
yeast
glucose ATP + CO2+ alcohol
make beer, wine, bread
lactic acid fermentation
bacteria, animals
glucose ATP + lactic acid
make yogurt
animals feel muscle fatigue
Regents Biology
but only make a
little bit of ATP!
O2