Transcript Ration - Warren County Public Schools

Ration
• A ration is the total amount of feed
that an animal consumes in 24 hours.
• Diet – The type and amount of feed an
animal receives in its ration. Diets
should be based on the needs of the
animal being fed and the nutrient
content of the feed available. There
are four basic steps that should be
followed when developing a balanced
ration.
1.) Identify the needs of
the animal
• The first thing that must be
done is to determine that
nutrient needs of the animal.
This is done by identifying the
kind, age, weight, and function
of the animal for which the
ration is being formulated. The
nutrient needs requirements are
called feeding standards.
2.) Identify available
feedstuffs
• A feedstuff is an ingredient
used in making feed for animals.
The producer must then choose
which feedstuffs to include in
the ration. The decision is
based on nutrient value of the
feedstuff and availability.
3. Calculate the amount of
each feed stuff in a ration.
• Use the Pearson Square to
determine how much feed is
enough.
4. Check ration against
nutrient needs of an
animal.
• When calculating a ration you
will want to make sure that the
ration includes all the needs of
the animal.
• How would you determine that?
So, why is feed analysis
important?
• Because a balanced ration will
increase gain, decrease
expense, and increase
proficiency.
• Feed analysis is the process of
determining the nutrients in a
feedstuff or prepared mixed
feed.
So, back to our Feed Tag
• What do you find on a feed tag?
• Dry Matter – is the weight of feed
materials after moisture has been
driven out.
• Crude Protein – is the nitrogen
content of feed multiplied by 6.25
(constant factor). Feedstuffs with
higher crude protein are typically
more nutritious.
• Fat – helps with vitamins ADEK.
(continued) feed tag
analysis
• Crude Fiber – determined by boiling
the feed material in an acid and
using lab procedures to dry the feed.
The weight before and after drying is
measured and is used to calculate
percent.
• Minerals – let us look at mineral
deficiencies and what it causes. (B33C)
• Vitamins – often added as a
supplement to feed, let us look at
some of these deficiencies. (B3-3D)
Six Essential Nutrients
needed by Animals
• Water – makes up 75% of animal body
weight. (regulates body temp. and
biochemical processes)
• Carbohydrates – should make up 75% of
diet. (unused carbs will become fat)
• Fats – highest amount of energy (2.25x
more than carbs)
• Protein –made up of amino acids
• Minerals – aid in skeletal growth. (ex: Ca)
• Vitamins – fat soluble stored in fat and
used as needed –(ADEK) Water soluble –
(CB) dissolved by water and needs to be
consumed daily.
Time to Balance Rations
with the Pearson Square
• Get out your calculators!!!!
• After learning how to balance
rations you will be able to
design your own feed for your
own animals.