Transcript Architecture in France

Baroque Architecture
• Proportional but extravagant
• Fancy and pretty details
• A lot of columns, arches, domes and
rounded shapes
• The scroll is especially baroque
(like a cinnamon roll swirl)
Architecture of Baroque
• Luxurious chateaux
• Decorative motifs of
Italian Renaissance
• Love of and
emphasis on
decoration
• Graceful,
harmonious
Versailles
• Hunting camp for Louis XIII
• Louis XIV made it a castle
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2000 windows - Private zoo with elephants
700 rooms
- Chinese carousel
1250 fireplaces - Gondolas on canal
67 staircases
1800 acres of park
Entrance to the Versailles Palace
Hall of Mirrors-Versailles
Bedchamber-Versailles
The Cathedral of the Smolney Convent
Francesco Borromini
•Rebellious, emotionally disturbed
•Bernini’s rival
•Concave & convex surfaces created motion
•Suicide – how?
•Fell on a sword
Borromini
Borromini
San Carlo
alle Quattro
Fontane
Sir Christopher Wren
St. Paul’s Cathedral (London)
Details &
Proportion
Scroll
Gianlorenzo Bernini
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More decorative than Renaissance
• Painter, playwright, composer
• Worked for Louis XIV
• Considered greatest sculptor
•David in motion
•Created a bronze canopy/altar for St. Peter’s
-Taller than a 10 story building
-Columns with carved vines, leaves, bees
Gianlorenzo Bernini
Also an architect
• Fountains
• Palaces
• Churches
• Piazza in front of St. Peter’s Basilica
Apollo & Daphne
Bernini altar
Bernini
Top of the altar
at St. Peter’s
Bernini
Ecstasy of
St. Theresa
She believed she had
been pierced by an
angel’s dart infusing
her with divine love.
Bernini’s David
Baroque Art
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Ornate and decorative
No clear central figure
Distorted origin of light
Religious and secular
Funded by popes and monarchs
Baroque is sometimes used negatively to
mean gaudy and over-decorative.
Caravaggio
•Intentionally sought to shock and offend
•“evil genius” and “anti-Christ of painting”
•Went from city to city fleeing the law
•“Death of a Virgin” causes a problem
•Daring innovator
Caravaggio
Death of the
Virgin
Caravaggio
Sacrifice of Isaac
Caravaggio: Sacrifice
Peter Paul Rubens
•Worked throughout Europe with many people
•“Fat is beautiful,” many nudes
•Painted suggestive rape scenes
•Portraits with sentimental looks
•Work is said to be vulgar and insincere
•Admired but disliked
Rubens
The Descent
from the
Cross
Rubens
The Three
Graces
Rembrandt van Rijn
•Light and dark color contrasts
•Paintings looked like photos
•Almost 100 self-portraits
•Early works: detailed, physical action,
many subjects
•Late works: done quickly, psychological,
single subjects
Rembrandt
The Nightwatch
Rembrandt
Self-portrait
Jans Vermeer
•Indoor paintings as if you were there
•Subject is always holding something
•Use of indirect lighting
•Used texture to give depth
Vermeer
Lady writing
letter with her
maid
Vermeer
Woman
Sleeping
William Hogarth
•English artist as a social critic
•Created the comic strip
•First political cartoonist
•Overcome England’s inferiority complex
Hogarth
John Wilkes, Esquire
Bedlam
Hogarth
El Greco –
Domenikos Theotokopoulos
• Emphasis on Counter-Reformation
• Mannerism
– Elongation of bodies
• Use of color – intense & unusual
Madonna &
Child
Holy Trinity
Diego Velazquez
•Spanish master
•Lifelike portraits
•Natural poses , no props
•Very influential and loved
Velazquez
Pope Innocent X
Juan de Pareja
Velazquez
Venus at her mirror
Velazquez, Las Meninas
Chardrin’s Silver Goblet
Gentileschi’s
Judith
Beheading
Holofernes
Self
Portrait