Transcript Chapter 8

Chapter 8
Management
Support and
Coordination
Systems
Creating and Using Business
Intelligence
 Business Intelligence
• A combination of processes and tools for
increasing a business’s competitive
advantage by using data intelligently to
make better, faster decisions
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Creating and Using Business
Intelligence
Figure 8-1
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Creating and Using Business
Intelligence
 Knowledge management
• Knowledge acquisition and creation
• Institutional memory
The collective shared memory of an
organization
• Knowledge retrieval and transfer
Occurs informally through social interaction
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Creating and Using Business
Intelligence
 Competitive Intelligence
• The collection, management, and use of
information about competitive
organizations
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Creating and Using Business
Intelligence
 Using Organizational Knowledge
• Management Reporting Systems
Detail reports: Provide managers information
useful in overseeing the day-to-day operations
of a department or working group
Summary reports: Show totals, averages,
maximums, minimums, or other statistical data
aggregated over time, personnel, products, or
some other quantity
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Creating and Using Business
Intelligence
 Using Organizational Knowledge
• Management Reporting Systems
Exception reports: Alert managers to potential
problems by showing only data that fall outside
an accepted or expected range
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Decision Support Systems
 Decision Support Systems (DSS)
• Help managers make more effective
decisions by answering complex questions
• Architecture includes:
Database
Knowledge base
Model base
User interface
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Decision Support System Tools
 Data Mining
• The use of software to extract previously
unknown, unsuspected, and potentially
useful information from data
 Online Analytical Processing
• Software allows users to analyze multidimensional data easily and quickly
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Decision Support System Tools
 Geographic Information Systems
(GIS)
• Software that simplifies the analysis and
visualization of information about entities
whose physical location is important
 Simulation
• The use of analytic models for representing
real processes
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Decision Support System Tools
 Optimization
• Goal-seeking software that can quickly
narrow the best choices to one or a few
 Statistical software
• Assist managers in drawing inferences
about the relationships among data
elements and assessing the extent to
which they reflect underlying processes
rather than random occurrences
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Decision Support System Tools
 Expert Systems
• A type of artificial intelligence software that
captures and applies the collective wisdom
of experts in a particular field to help make
decisions
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Decision Support System Tools
Figure 8-11
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Groupware
 Elements of Groupware
• Groupware technologies include message
systems, multi-user editors, computer
conferencing, coordination systems, and
group decision support systems
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Groupware
 Elements of Groupware
• Message systems
Electronic lists
Electronic bulletin boards
Instant messaging
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Groupware
 Computer Conferencing
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Real-time conferencing
Teleconferencing
Desktop conferencing
Webcasting
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Groupware
 Coordination Systems
• Improve project management by providing
managers with information required to
coordinate the scheduling of project
activities and team member participation
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Groupware
 Problems in Managing Groupware
• Inappropriate information sharing
• Information overload
• Too many or inappropriate meetings
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Executive Information Systems (EIS)
 EIS, also called Executive Support
Systems (ESS) resemble decision
support systems, but respond to the
particular requirements of top-level
managers
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Executive Information Systems (EIS)
 Typical features
• Sophisticated, easy-to-use, graphical
interface with drill-down capability
• Groupware features, including calendaring
systems, electronic mail, and electronic
bulletin boards, to communicate with
employees
• News updates from external sources,
screened and ranked per executive interest
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Executive Information Systems (EIS)
 Typical features
• Access to OLAP and canned queries
• Access to functional applications, such as
sales, budgeting, and marketing
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End of
Chapter 8
Management
Support and
Coordination
Systems