Transcript "The law on the control of drug substances and their precursors

“Health, alcohol and drug
habits. Causes and solutions”
Drugs & Alcohol
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As we all know drugs and alcohol are very bad for
human’s health. They are dangerous not only for
you but for the people around you too.
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Today we are going to speak about these
problems.
Laws of drug prevention in Bulgaria
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The control, production,
commerce and use of
drugs are regulated by:
"The law on the control
of drug substances
and their precursors"
"The law on the control of drug
substances and their precursors"
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According to the law, each action,
connected to use, stimulation of use,
production, conservation and distribution of
psychoactive
substances
and
their
precursors (the consisting elements), is
illegal and punishable.
The subject and the resources of these
crimes are confiscated in State benefit.
Penalties for drug possesions
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The consequences that determine the actions as illegal
are foreseen in the Punishing codex of the Republic of
Bulgaria. According to the burden of the crime, the
punishments could be:
Penalty - 100lv. to 200 000lv.
Privation of freedom – 1 to 15 years
Privation of freedom and penalty
Probation
Persons who are addicted to drugs have the right to
prophylaxis, treatment and rehabilitation in state and
municipal programs. The inclusion in the programs is
voluntary.
Drug strategies in Bulgaria
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Bulgaria has developed a National
Anti-Drugs Strategy, which has
been adopted by the Government
on 20.02.2003.
Correspondent to the Strategy
Action
Plans
have
been
developed and adopted as well by
the Government in April 2003.
Drug Rehabilitation
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A National Programme for Prevention,
Treatment and Rehabilitation of Drug
Addictions 2001-2005 was developed in
2000.
Its main objective is to support the
implementation of a health care reform in
the field of problems associated with the
abuse of narcotic drugs.
The situation in Bulgaria
In Bulgaria drugs are a really big
problem, especially among young people.
This is due to several factors. First of all,
Bulgaria is situated at a very strategical
position (in the middle of the Balkan
Peninsula) and connects many Asian
countries with Central and West Europe.
Drug traffic
This holds good for any other
commodities, but is exclusively
tangible and important for drugs.
Annually, huge amounts of
various kinds of drugs are
transported through our country.
Here is some data for the drug
traffic for 1999:
Heroin - 161.667 kg
Cocaine - 123.119 kg
Marihuana- 88.019 kg
Opium- 32.016 kg
Morphine - 30.030 kg
Ecstasy- 14,230 pills
Popular drugs in Bulgaria
Now
in
Bulgaria
almost all kinds of drugs
are available. The most
distributed
and
the
lightest one is marihuana.
"Joints"
(cigarettes
containing some form of
cannabis) are extremely
popular among students.
Drugs among the children
The most frightening
thing is that pupils start
smoking at a very early
age (at 16 or 17 - the
average age is about
18) and the price of
one cigarette is only
0,2 lev. (0.1 euro).
Cigarettes
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Cigarettes are very popular
among the children between
14-17 years. Most children start
smoking because they think it is
fun and fashionable.
The government in Bulgaria has
created new laws to forbid
smoking in public places.
Nicotine
Nicotine is an alkaloid
found in the nightshade family
of plants (Solanaceae) that
constitutes approximately 0.6–
3.0% of the dry weight of
tobacco, with biosynthesis
taking place in the roots and
accumulation occurring in the
leaves.
Nicotine functions
It functions as an antiherbivore chemical
with particular specificity to insects;
therefore nicotine was widely used as an
insecticide in the past,and currently nicotine
analogs such as imidacloprid continue to
be widely used.
Locations
Nicotine is also found in
several other members of
the Solanaceae family, with
small
amounts
being
present in species such as
the Eggplant and Tomato.
Alcohol
The alcohol is the most ancient and still
widely spread substance which can cause
relaxation, excitement or anger.
All alcoholic substances are intoxicating and
have narcotic effect. They are produced by
fermentation of biological matter that consist
carbohydrates. The wine comes from grape
juice and the beer comes from wheat.
Concentrate alcohols are produced only by
distillation.
Alcohol usage
Alcohol is used as a drink and it’s absorbed by the
organism by the stomach ( 20% ) and the small intestines
( 80% ). The main quantity of it is processed by the liver.
The effects of alcohol usage depends on it’s
concentration in the blood:
0,5 – 1 g/l - slight excitement;
1 – 1,5 g/l – most people become noisy and unruly;
1,5 – 3 g/l – nausea and vomiting;
3 – 5 g/l – lost of consciousness;
over 5 g/l – death.
Consequences of alcohol usage
I. For the physical health – alcohol acts as a tissue
poison for the whole organism. The effects of long
term usage damage mostly the liver and the nerve
system. The damaged liver leads to lowering of the
immunity and bigger exposure of the body to
different infections. And that increases the chance of
developing cancer.
II. For the mental health – the most common effect
is the change of personality. Intellectual degradation
can reach to full stupidity.
Thank you for your attention! 