Transcript Amines - Chemistry Geek

(not to be confused with Anime)
Vs.
What are they?
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Amines are
functional groups
that contain a basic
nitrogen with a lone
pair.
They are derivatives
of ammonia (NH3)
with one or more of
the hydrogens
replaced with a
substituent such as
an alkyl group.
Properties
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Usually basic
Due to hydrogen bonding, attached amines raise
the boiling point of compounds
Attaching amine groups onto some gases turns
them into liquids (i.e. diethylamines,
triethylamines)
Gaseous amines smell like ammonia; liquid
amines smell like fish
Soluble in water!
Aromatic amines = toxic
Types of Amines
Primary – One hydrogen is replaced by
a substituent group
 Secondary – Two hydrogens are
replaced by substituent groups
 Tertiary – Three hydrogens are replaced
by substituent groups
 Aromatic (Aniline) – NH2 attached to a
benzene
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Diagrams and such
Uses/Applications
PROTEINS!
 Dyes
 Drugs – Many drugs are designed to
mimic natural amine neurotransmitters.
 Gas treatment – Used to refine natural
gas by removing CO2 and H2S from gas
streams
 Fabric softener, protection against
gamma radiation, etc!
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Drugs continued…
Amphetamine and methamphetamine
are controlled substances
 Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine
that helps to relieve allergic disorders
 Chlorpromazine is a tranquillizer that
sedates without inducing sleep
 Ephedrine and Phenylephrine, as amine
hydrochlorides, are used as
decongestants
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Naming: IUPAC
If you consider a primary amine to be an
amino group attached to an alkane,
you would simply name it as you would
an alkane derivative
 Name the longest carbon chain the
parent chain
 Count the amine group as an attached
group with prefix amino
Example:
2-aminopentane
IUPAC continued:
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To name secondary and tertiary amines,
use N to show the location of an alkyl
group that is attached to the nitrogen
atom. The N group prefix is placed
before the amino prefix.
Try it!
N-ethyl-N-methyl-1-aminoethane
Common naming:

You can also name primary amines by
naming the alkyl group, followed by the
word "amine". This should be written all as
one word, even though you may sometimes
see the parts written separately.
Your turn:
methylisopropylbutylamine
Priority
Carboxylic acids, esters, aldehydes,
ketones, alcohols all have higher priority
 Amines
 Ethers, Alkenes, Alkynes, Nitro, Alkanes
all have lower priority
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