Transcript Amines, what they are and what they do

Ibuprofen
Amines
April 6, 2005
Compounds
By: Names of Team Members
Goals: Amines
• What amines are.
• What things in our life
contain amines.
Amines, what are they?
• Organic molecules that correspond to
ammonia, NH3, in which one, two, three,
or all three of the hydrogen atoms have
been replaced by R groups (chains or
rings) of carbon atoms (with their
associated hydrogen atoms).
How do we recognize an
amine?
• Amine group: is a nitrogen atom with two
bonded atoms or groups.
• Ammonia molecule
• The names for many amines end in ine.
• Ex: CH3NH2 is called methylamine.
Physical properties
• High melting points and boiling points
compared to similar alkanes.
• High solubility in aqueous solutions.
• Amines have odors that disgust us.
Amines that stink
• The bad smells come from amines that
contain two amino nitrogen atoms or
diamines.
• Rotting fish produce trimethylamine (CH3)3
• Others things that smell because of
amines are: Urine, bad breath, and
semen.
•
Structure of amines
• N atom bonded either
to C or H atoms
• Both the C-N and the
N-H bonds are polar
Everyday amines
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Antidepressants
Prozac and Paxil
These two drugs are mood-altering
They increase the concentration of
serotonin, which is an amine.
Everyday amines
• Nicotine
• Consists of molecules of one pyridine ring
and one pyrrolidine ring joined by a single
bond.
• It raises heart rate, blood pressure, and
adrenaline, which is an amine.
• Nicotine is addictive.
Nicotine
Everyday amines
• Caffeine
• Contain four nitrogen atoms with one sixmembered ring and one five-membered
ring
• Remains in the bloodstream twice as long
as nicotine.
• The lethal does of caffeine is 10 grams or
about 100 cups of coffee drank quickly.
Drugs
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Cocaine
Nitrogen containing compound
Highly addictive
Stimulant and a depressant.
Drugs
• Cocaine
• The ionic form of cocaine is snorted by
users
• It dissolves in the watery mucus
membranes.
• Cocaine hydrochloride is a ionic solid and
consequently has a high melting point.
(about 200o celcius).
Drugs
cocaine
• Cocaine
• Cocaine effects the level of the
neurotransmitter dopamine.
• Half life: 45 minutes
Drugs
• Cocaine
• Fun facts
• Cocaine also works as a local anesthetic
and was used by dentists in the early 19th
century.
• Sigmund Freud advocated using cocaine
for depression and used it himself.
• Until 1903 cocaine was used in small
concentrations in Coca-Cola
Drugs
• Amphetamines
• An illegal drug.
• In an amphetamine the NH2 group is bonded
to a carbon chain that ends with a benzene
ring.
• Its structure is similar to adrenaline.
• Amphetamines increases heart rate, energy
level, drive, and mood for a short period.
Drugs
• Methamphetamines
• Half life is about 12 hours.
• Has a greater psychological effect than
amphetamines.
• Ecstasy is derivative of methamphetamines.
Amines used as drugs
• Painkillers
• Most painkillers are nitrogen containing organic
compounds.
• Acetaminophen (a·cet·a·min·o·phen) is
known commercially as Tylenol, Panadol, and
Datril.
• Combines acidic acid with an amine consisting
of a nitrogen group bonded to a benzene ring.
• It is analgesic and an antipyretic meaning it
relives pain and fevers.
Drugs
• Painkillers
• Aspirin is an example, it contains a
carboxylic acid group and an ester group
of acidic acid bonded to a benzene ring.
• Aspirin is an anti-inflammatory.
Aspirin
Drugs
• Painkillers
• Other examples are Ibuprofen also known
as Advil, Motrin, Midol, and Nuprin.
• Is an anti-inflammatory as well a pain
reliever.
Morphine
Drugs
• Painkillers
• Morphine is also a complicated amine that
relives pain.
• Morphine blocks nerve receptors that
register the sensation of pain.
• Codeine and heroin are forms of
morphine.
Works cited
• http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Car
ey/Ch22/ch22-1.html#Nomenclature
• www.whfreeman.com/chemistryinyourlife
• http://www.cem.msu.edu/~reusch/VirtualText/a
mine1.htm
• www.amphetamines.com
• Yahoo Images http://www.yahoo.com
• Baird, Colin, Gloffke, Wendy. Chemistry in
Your Life. W.H. Freeman and Company. New
York, 2002.