Transcript PPT

Motherboard
Click on the image for details about
each component
Further Information
Motherboard
• A motherboard, also known as a mainboard, logic
board, or system board, and sometimes abbreviated as
mobo, is the central or primary circuit board making up a
complex electronic system, such as a computer.
• A typical computer is built with the microprocessor, main
memory, and other basic components on the
motherboard. Other components of the computer such
as external storage, control circuits for video display and
sound, and peripheral devices are typically attached to
the motherboard via ribbon cables, other cables, and
power connectors.
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Parallel Port For Printers
• In computing, a parallel port is an interface from a
computer system where data are transferred in or out in
parallel, that is, on more than one wire. A parallel port
carries one bit on each wire thus multiplying the transfer
rate obtainable over a single cable (contrast serial port).
There are also several extra wires on the port that are
used for control and status signals to indicate when data
are ready to be sent or received, initiate a reset, indicate
an error condition (such as paper out), and so forth. For
the most part, the USB interface has replaced the
parallel port - most modern printers are connected
through a USB connection, and often don't even have a
parallel port connection. On many modern (2006)
computers, the parallel port is omitted for cost savings,
and is considered to be a legacy port.
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Peripheral Component Interconnect
(PCI)
• The Peripheral Component Interconnect standard (in practice
almost always shortened to PCI) specifies a computer bus for
attaching peripheral devices to a computer motherboard. These
devices can take the form of:
• integrated circuits fitted on the motherboard itself (called planar
devices in the PCI specification); or
• expansion cards that fit in sockets.
• The PCI bus is common in modern PCs, where it has displaced ISA
and VESA Local Bus as the standard expansion bus, but it also
appears in many other computer types. The bus will eventually be
succeeded by PCI Express and other technologies, which have
already started to appear in new computers.
• The PCI specification covers the physical size of the bus (including
wire spacing), electrical characteristics, bus timing, and protocols.
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Power Supply
• A power supply unit (sometimes abbreviated power
supply or PSU) is a device or system that supplies
electrical or other types of energy to an output load or
group of loads. The term is most commonly applied to
electrical energy supplies.
• The power supply is a small box inside the computer; it
is an important part of a computer because it provides
power in a form that is suitable for every other
component inside or attached to the computer in order
for it to work. If only a small voltage is needed the main
supply of power needs to be transformed to a suitable
level in order for the component to work.
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Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• A central processing unit (CPU), or sometimes simply
processor, is the component in a digital computer that
interprets instructions and processes data contained in
software. CPUs provide the fundamental digital
computer trait of programmability, and are one of the
core components found in almost all modern
microcomputers, along with primary storage and
input/output facilities. A CPU that is manufactured using
integrated circuits, often just one, is known as a
microprocessor. Since the mid-1970s, single-chip
microprocessors have almost totally replaced all other
types of CPUs, and today the term "CPU" almost always
applies to some type of microprocessor.
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Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)
• BIOS, in computing, stands for Basic
Input/Output System or Basic Integrated
Operating System. BIOS refers to the software
code run by a computer when first powered on.
The primary function of BIOS is to prepare the
machine so other software programs stored on
various media (such as hard drives, floppies,
and CDs) can load, execute, and assume control
of the computer. This process is known as
booting up.
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CD-ROM/Hard Drive
• A drive is a peripheral device attached to a computer to
access the information stored on a mass storage
medium. In some types of drive, the storage medium is
permanently sealed inside the device. In others, the
medium can be replaced with varying levels of difficulty.
Also, some drives with permanently attached media are
designed to be portable as a whole.
• Mass storage devices are characterized by:
• Transfer speed
• Seek time
• Cost
• Capacity
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Computer Speakers
• Computer speakers, or multimedia speakers, are
external speakers and are usually equipped with a maleend phone plug for computer sound cards; however,
there are some that have female RCA (phono) plug
ports, and some people link computer sound cards to
nearby stereo systems. Computer speakers are usually
a simplified stereo system without a radio or other media
sources built in.
• Typically, the simplest computer speakers come with
computers. There are advanced forms of computer
speakers that have graphic equalization features (bass,
treble, etc.) for dynamic audio flexibility.
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Keyboard
• A computer keyboard is a peripheral modeled after the typewriter
keyboard. Keyboards are designed for the input of text and
characters, and also to control the operation of the computer.
Physically, computer keyboards are an arrangement of rectangular
or near-rectangular buttons, or "keys". Keyboards typically have
characters engraved or printed on the keys; in most cases, each
press of a key corresponds to a single written symbol. However, to
produce some symbols requires pressing and holding several keys
simultaneously, or in sequence; other keys do not produce any
symbol, but instead affect the operation of the computer, or the
keyboard itself. See input method editor.
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• A 102-key PC US English QWERTY keyboard layout
• Roughly 50% of all keyboard keys produce letters, numbers or signs
(characters). Other keys can produce actions when pressed, and
other actions are available by simultaneously pressing more than
one action key.
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