Transcript Unit I: Computer Basics

Computer Fundamentals
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What Is A Computer?
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An electronic device that receives
data, processes data, stores data,
and produces a result (output)
• Classified by size, speed and application
• Uses hardware and software
• Comes in different types
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Hardware

The tangible, physical equipment of the
computer that can be seen and touched
such as:
• Computer Case-houses inside components
• Monitor-CRT or LCD
• Keyboard-contains numbers and letters like a
typewriter
• Mouse-right click for special functions
• Disk Drives-floppy, hard, CD, DVD, Flash
• Speakers
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PARTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM
List the parts of a computer on your Notes, and write a brief description
of what they do in your own words. You may also draw a diagram of a
computer and label it for extra credit!
Monitor
Speaker
Keyboard
Computer Case
(Processor inside)
CD-ROM/DVD
Drive
Mouse
Printer
Floppy Disk
Drive
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Input Devices
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Keyboard
Mouse
Joystick
Touchpad
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Touch Screen
Bar Code Reader
Scanner
Microphone
Digital Cameras
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Output Devices

Monitor: screen that displays information
such as text, numbers, and pictures.
• Softcopy

Printer: gives you information from the
computer in printed form.
• Hardcopy
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Speakers: allow you to hear voice, music,
and other sounds from your computer.
6
Processing Device

Central Processing Unit (CPU)-known as the heart or “brain” of
the computer and is responsible
for processes the information that
has been entered into the
computer
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Which Storage Device Holds
The Most Information?
Flash, Jump,
Thumb Drive
CD-ROM DISC
640 MB
1 GB and up
DVD DISC
17 GB
HARD DRIVES
80 GB and above Terabyte =
1000 GB
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What Are Peripherals?
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A peripheral device is one that is attached to a computer in
order to expand its ability to perform more tasks
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Are generally external
Some of the more common devices are printers, disk drives, scanners,
microphones, speakers, and cameras
The devices can be input and output devices
Some input devices are: mouse, joystick, keyboard, scanner
Some output devices are: monitor, projector, speakers
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Software
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The intangible set of instructions that tells the
computer what to do; known as programs or
software programs.
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Types of Software

Operating System Software
• Sets the rules for how computer hardware
and application software work together,
controls the operation of the computer.
• Example:

Windows XP, VISTA, Windows 7
Application Software
• Lets you accomplish specific tasks based on
your needs.
• Examples:
MS Word, Excel, PowerPoint, MS
Works
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Operating System
Software Tasks
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Boots (starts up) the computer
Formats disks
Creates folders
Saves and retrieves files
Moves and copies files
Every Computer Has Operating System
Software!
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Application Software
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Software that works with the operating system to meet a
specific need or perform a specific task
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Examples:
MS Word—for word processing documents
MS Excel—for math calculation spreadsheets
MS PowerPoint—for slide presentations
MicroType/ TypingWeb—for learning to type correctly
Internet Explorer—for accessing the Internet
13
Virus/Anti-Virus
Software
Viruses-Programs that are written to
damage/destroy computers.
Anti-Virus software = written to prevent
(kill) the damage that virus software
can do.
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IPOS STANDS FOR?
 Input
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Enters data into the
Sends data out of the
computerReceives Data
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Processing
Changes data into
Output
computer
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Storage
Saves for use later
usable form
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How The IPOS Cycle Works
INPUT
PROCESSING
OUTPUT
STORAGE
Keyboard
Mouse
CPU
Monitor
Speaker
Printer
Hard Disk
Drive
Flash Drive
External Hard
Drive
DVD/CD-ROM
Students = Make a diagram/drawing of this and the
hardware that goes with each part of the IPOS Cycle!
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