Transcript Fungi and Plantae

Fungi and Plantae
Diff. Biology
April 14, 2005
A little fun for the day…
Mushroom walks into a bar and asks for
a drink. Bartender says, “Sorry, we don’t
serve your kind.” Mushrooms replies,
“What’s the matter I’m Fungi!?”
(This is when you laugh)
Fungi
Cell wall contains chitin, not cellulose. Made up
of filaments called Hyphae.
Eukaryotic, multicellular.
Non-motile, produce spores asexually or sexually
that are dispersed by the wind.
Most are parasitic in relationship to other
organisms.
4 Divisions of Fungi
Zygomycota:
* Live in the soil and on baked goods.
* Sexual reproduction produces a
zygospore, cell protected by a thick
wall.
4 Divisions of Fungi
Ascomycota:
* Sac Fungi
* Parasitic to plants
* An ascus is a fingerlike sac that is
formed during sexual reproduction,
hence the name. They produce
ascospores.
* Conidiospores are created asexually.
4 Divisions of Fungi
Basidiomycota:
* Club Fungi
* Usually reproduce sexually
* Basidium are the club like structures,
that contain the nuclei that fuse to create
a zygote. (Pg. 594)
4 Divisions of Fungi
Deuteromycota:
* Imperfect Fungi; because no sexual stage has
been identified.
* Always reproduce asexually by means
of conidiospores
* Can cause diseases in humans.
- athlete’s foot, ringworm, and
thrush.
* Can be good too, such as Penicillium for the
antibiotic, penicillin.
How you Lichen this so far?
Lichen – symbiotic relationship to
cyanobacteria and green algal cells. They
live in extreme areas.
Mycorrhizae – symbiotic relationship
between soil fungi and most plant roots.
The fungus provide the plants with
inorganic materials (i.e. phosphate), and the
roots provide organic nutrients for the
fungus.
Kingdom Plantae
Eukaryotic, Multicellular
Contain cellulose in their cell walls and
form a cell plate when division occurs.
Utilize chlorophylls a and b, along with
carotenoid pigments.
Primary food reserve is starch, which is
stored in the chloroplasts.
Kingdom Plantae
Well developed tissues
Respond to stimuli
Light
 Gravity
 Water

Autotrophic
Alternation of Generation life style.
4 Groups of Plants
Nonvascular Plants
Lack vascular tissues (i.e. liverworts,
hornworts, and mosses)
 Do not have true leaves, roots, or stems.
Rhizoids anchor them to the surface.
 Small and low-lying plants.
 Fertilization requires an outside source of
moisture, wind disperses the spores.

4 Groups of Plants
Seedless Vascular Plants
Vascular tissues of Xylem (for water and
minerals) and Phloem (organic nutrients).
 Have true roots, stems, and leaves.
 Structure in leaf called stomata that regulates
water loss.
 Found in moist, wet regions.
 Horsetails and Ferns are examples

4 Groups of Plants
Seed Plants – Gymnosperms
Four divisions: Cycads, ginko, conifers, and
gnetophytes
 Most gymnosperms are conifers, that have
needle-like leaves.
 Conifers are evergreen trees, meaning they lose
their leaves year round, instead of for a period
of the year. So they have leaves all year long.
 Study Pine life cycle. (pg. 609)

Pine Life Cycle
4 Groups of Plants
Seed Plants – Angiosperms
Flowering plants, seeds are covered by fruit.
 The largest group of plants.
 Have two divisions, monocots and dicots.
 Can cross-pollinate or self-pollinate.
 Flowers help with reproduction.
 Study flowing plant life cycle (pg. 613).

Flowering Plant Life Cycle
Pretty Flower…