Transcript ProtcanthopterygiiPresentation

By:
Dustin Wylde &
Ryan Livingston
IB 463 Itchology
Protcanthopterygii
 Esociformes – (2 families, 10 species) muskie, pike,
mudminnows
 Osmeriformes – (13 families, 236 species) smelts
 Salmoniformes – (1 family, 66 species) trout, salmon,
whitefish, graylings
 Overall characteristics
 lack spines
 Cycloid scales (smooth outer edges)
 Physotomous gas bladder
Esociformes
 Inhabit FW
 Median fins located relatively far back on body

www.outdoors365.com
Esociformes cont.
 Pike
 Ambush predators
 Elongate snout with teeth used to impale prey
 Quick acceleration in a straight line
 Northern Pike (Esox lucius)
 Widespread distribution
 Also predatorial
Northern Pike vs. Chain Pickerel
 Esox lucius

www.dkimages.com
 Esox niger
Esociformes cont.
 Mudminnows
 Small (less than 20cm)
 Ability to survive in low O2 enviroments

www.duluthstreams.org
Osmeriformes
 Very diverse group (marine, FW, diadromous)
 Small, silvery, elongate fish that swim H2O column
 Eggs with adhesive membrane
 www.charterboats-uk.co.uk
Barreleyes & Platytroctids
 Barreleyes
 Elongate tubular eyes
 Platytroctids
 Blue-green luminous
liquid in papilla at end
of lateral line
people.whitman.edu
Osmeriformes cont.
 Lepidogalaxiid – salamanderfish
 Australia
 Lacks eye muscles, can turn head 90 degrees
 Pond dries out: bury in mud
Salmoniformes
 Very important fish, both commercially and ecolgically
 Adipose fin
 Three different families
 Coregonid whitefishes – zooplanktivours
 Thymallid graylings
 Salmonid salmons
Salmonid salmons
 Andromous
 Oceanic migrations of thousands of kilometers
 Morphological variation between males and females

pond.dnr.cornell.edu
Salmon Life-History
 Born in FW, live in oceans, then return to birth-
stream, spawn and die
 During migration the salmon do not eat
 Females clear a nest or redd in clean gravel, males will
compete to spawn with multiple females
 Fry will spend several months growing and then
migrate to open ocean
Coho/Sockeye Salmon Spawning
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RISJUbC7ZJ0
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2y1nYwtL4bY&feat
ure=related
Salmon Fisheries
 Salmon very important commercial fish,
eaten/harvested all over world
 Problem: sea lice are causing the decline of salmon
populations
 Naturally sea lice occur in low percentages, however
becoming more common
 Fisheries lack genetic diversity (RI)
Other Salmon Concerns
 Dams, barriers, weirs block migration
 In NA several species have been reduced due to
introduction of predators, competitors and parasitic
lampreys
 Getting eaten by Bear Grylls
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kiggvMw8Vgw
Review Questions:
 1) Describe life-history of an Atlantic Salmon.
 2) What species of fish has the largest fresh water
distribution?
 3) What are some problems facing salmon populations
today?
 4) Describe the preditorial strategy of a Northern
Pike?
 5) List two things that are very unusual about the
salamanderfish?
References
 Collette, Bruce B., Douglas E. Facey, and Gene S.
Helfman. The Diversity of Fishes. Malden: Blackwell
Publishing, 2006.
 Fuller Becky, and et al. IB 463 Protcanthopterygii
slides. 2008.
 Suarez, Andrew. IB 429 Lecture 15: Habitat Selection.
2008.