Transcript Ιατρική Ορολογία Medical Terminology

Ιατρική Ορολογία
Medical Terminology
Is it really all Greek?
Ετυμολογία> Etymology
(ἔτυμος = αληθινός, πραγματικός + λόγος> λέγω)
• In forming or understanding a word root, one needs a basic
comprehension of the term and the source language. The study of the
origin of words is called etymology.
• Kidney
• Greek (nefr(os))
• Latin (ren(es)).
• Renal failure would be a condition of kidneys.
• Nephritis is also a condition, or inflammation, of the kidneys. The
suffix -itis means inflammation, and the entire word conveys the
meaning inflammation of the kidney.
• Suprarenal is a combination of the prefix supra- (meaning "above"),
and the word root for kidney, and the entire word means "situated
above the kidneys".
• Nephrologist  combines the root word for kidney to the suffix ologist with the resultant meaning of "one who studies the kidneys".
Medical Terminology
• In medical terminology, the word root is not usually
capable of standing alone as a complete word within a
sentence.
• The medical word root is taken from a different source
language (Greek/Latin), so it will remain meaningless as a
stand-alone term in an English sentence.
• A suffix or prefix must be added to make a usable medical
term. For example the term for "concerning the heart" is
"cardiacus", from the Greek kardía.
• Medical Terminology often uses words created using
prefixes and suffixes in Latin and Ancient Greek. In
medicine, their meanings, and their etymology, are
informed by the language of origin.
Gastr- (=denoting relationship to stomach)
γαστήρ, ἡ (=στομάχι)
• Γαστρεκτομή
• gastrectomy
• Γαστραλγία
• gastralgia
• Γαστρεντερολογία
• Gastroenterology
• Γαστροσκόπηση
• gastroscopy
• Γαστήρ + τομή (incision)
• Γαστήρ + άλγος (pain)
• Γαστήρ + έντερο (intestine)
+ λόγος
(>λέγω=speak/study)
• Γαστήρ + σκοπώ (examine,
inspect)
• incision of the stomach
• stomach pain
• the study of the stomach
and the intestines
• visual inspection of the
stomach
Cardiο- (=heart)
Καρδιά, η
• Καρδιογράφημα
• Καρδιά + γράφω (write)
• Cardiogram
• Καρδιολογία
• Καρδιά + λόγος
(>λέγω=speak/study)
• Cardiology
• Καρδιολόγος
• (Καρδιά + λόγος)
• Cardiologist
• Βραδυκαρδία
• Βραδύς (=slow) + καρδιά
• Bradycardia
• the record of the heart beat
• the study of the heart and
its functions
• practitioner of cardiology
• slow heartbeat (less than
60 beats per second)
Rhino = nose
Α.Ε. ῥίς, ἡ (μύτη)
• Ρινίτιδα
• φλεγμονή του ρινικού
βλεννογόνου
• Rhinitis
• inflammation of the
nasal mucous
membrane
• Ρινορραγία
• Rhinorrhagia
• hemorrhage from the
nose, nosebleed
• Ρινοτομία
• ῥίς+τέμνω (cut)
• διάνοιξη ή αποκοπή της
μύτης
• Rhinotomy
• process of cutting or
making an incision into
the nose
ophthalm- (=eye)
ὀφθαλμός, ὁ (μάτι)
• Οφθαλμία
• ophthalmia
• Οφθαλμός (=eye) + -ia (=
disease). This suffix used
to be more common but
is being superseded by itis.
• Oφθαλμολογία
• Ophthalmology
• the medical and surgical
study of the eye,
including treatment of
diseases
hyper = excessive / hypo = less
• υπερχοληστεριναιμία
(hypercholesterolemia):excessive
cholesterol in the blood
• υπερθρεψία, υπερτροφία (hypernutrition)
:eating more than normal; supernutrition;
overnutrition
• Hyperglycemia – Hypoglycemia
Let’ s see what you know!
• http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
/medicalwords/
Do you know the meaning?
• Osteoarthritis – Osteoporosis
• http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
/appendixa.html