Transcript Martian Landing Craft Powerpoint

Martian Landing
Craft
A Modified Egg Drop
Lab Report
 Your 2 Liter Bottle Rocket Lab is due
Wednesday.
 If you have not launched your rocket, talk
to me about other possible options
Introduction
 Pathfinder will enter the upper atmosphere of Mars at 7.6
kilometers per second at a 14.2 degree angle (90 degrees would
be straight down). It will meet its peak atmospheric shock,
encountering forces 25 times Earth's gravity, at 32 kilometers
above the surface. At 10 kilometers above the ground, a
parachute will deploy at nearly twice the speed of sound (400
meters per second). Rockets inside the backshell will fire to further
slow the lander's descent. Shortly before landing, a set of airbags
will inflate to cushion the impact. After a few seconds, the tether
attaching the lander to the backshell and parachute will be
severed, and, with 90 percent of the fuel expended, the rockets
will carry the shell and other debris away from the landing area.
Then, protected (hopefully) by its airbags, Pathfinder will bounce
on the Martian surface, perhaps as high as a ten-story building,
before finally coming to rest after its 8-month journey.
Objective
 Students will demonstrate an
understanding of the challenges of soft
landing a spacecraft on Mars by
designing, building and testing their own
"interplanetary lander." In the process,
students will demonstrate an
understanding of the scientific method.
KNOW, UNDERSTAND, DO
Know
Understand
Do
Conduct a scientific
investigation,
analyze the results
and report the data.
Gravity
Momentum
How the motion of
objects relates to the
forces acting on them
Acceleration
F=M*A
The scientific concepts
related to successfully
protect an object from
impact
Impact
Force
Velocity
Friction
How the scientific
method can be applied
to everyday problems
Use the scientific
method as a guide
to successfully
design a Martian
lander.
While conducting
investigations,
explain the motion
of objects by
describing the
forces acting on
them
Problem
 Your group needs to create a “Martian”
landing craft that will successfully protect
the cargo under the constraints given.
The craft will experience a vertical drop
and a downhill tumble.
Materials and Constraints:
 Mr. Binder will provide each group with a basic set of
materials.
 Each group member may also bring in one additional
material.
 No bubble wrap or foam products may be used.
 You may barter with groups for supplies
 Your landing craft must fit within a 12” cube
 Your craft should be as light as possible
 Your cargo will consist of two passengers (raw eggs)
 The passengers will be loaded into the “lander” on the
test day and need to be removed the same day without
destroying the craft.
Materials and Constraints
Cont.
 Brainstorm possible materials for
members to bring.
 Create list on white board
DAY ONE
 Each group member will independently create
a design.
 The group will come together, consider all
plans, brainstorm, and agree on a design.
 The design, or hypothesis, will be drawn (in
color). The reasoning or rationale behind the
plan must be written on the back of the design.
 The group will meet with Mr. Binder and submit
the design for approval
DAY TWO:
 This will be the first construction day.
 The group will work together to create the
“lander”.
 The craft may be tested once on each of
the two experiments. Water balloons will
be available as test subjects.
DAY THREE:
 Modifications will be made based on the
prior tests.
 Groups will work on their presentation
poster.
 At the end of this day, the landing craft
must be ready for the final test.
DAY FOUR:
 Final test day.
 Prepare for group presentation
DAY FIVE
 Group Presentations
“Warning – Science
Content”
 Newton’s 2nd Law – F = M*A
 The force acting on an object that will impact
Earth is directly connected to the mass of the
object and the acceleration.
 Thus, we see that for the egg to survive, we
must try to minimize the egg’s velocity upon
impact, and/or maximize the time (distance)
over which the egg is brought to rest (meaning
provide some sort of cushion around the egg to
absorb the force when the egg hits the
ground).
The Tumble
 Your Craft will also be rolled down a set
of steps.
 What forces will act an your landing craft
as they roll down steps?