Transcript UAV Specific Systems Justin Murtha, Matt Moritz

UAV Specific Systems
Justin Murtha, Matt Moritz
10/31/06
UAV – Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
 4 Main Topics:
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 Unique
configurations
 Unusual landing styles
 “Autopilot” to drive autonomous flight
 Ground station communication
Unique Configurations
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Possible due to lack of constraints on pilot
 Smaller
 Cheaper
 Increased
landing/TO options
AeroVironment’s PUMA
Aerosonde’s Aerosonde
Landing Style
Conventional Landing with Landing Skids
 Hard Landing with breakaway components
 Net Landing
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 Similar
to AAI’s Shadow
Landing Pad
 Pole landing
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 Similar
to ScanEagle
Parachute Landing
 Autorotation
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Extreme Accelerations
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Landings often exceed human acceleration
tolerances
 Maximum
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~17 front to back
Requires special suits
 Maximum
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Human G’s: ~7 (head to toe)
G’s measured on landings:
1600G’s measured in tail for AV’s PUMA
3000G’s measured in nose of AV’s Raven
~44G’s in fuselage of ScanEagle during pole landing
Extreme Accelerations
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Lack of acceleration constraint opens the
door to more aggressive flight maneuvers
– “Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle”
 X-45, X-46, X-47 – smaller, lighter, cheaper
 UCAV
Control by Video
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Flight is controlled by onboard computer via
video post processing
Autopilot
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Can be used for stability control while pilot on
ground flies the mission
Can be used for Autonomous Flight while being
monitored by the ground station
Can be used for Autonomous Flight completely
independent on ground station
 Uses
programmed GPS waypoints to fly to mission
critical locations
 GPS waypoints can be changed while data link is
connected
Small UAV Autopilots
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Piccolo Autopilot
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MicroPilot
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Size: 4.8” x 2.4” x 1.5”
212g
Number of GPS Waypoints: 100
Size: 3.94” x 1.57”
28 g
Number of GPS Waypoints: 1000
Kestrel 2.2
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Size: 2” x 1.37” x 0.47”
16.65g
Number of GPS Waypoints: 100
Autopilots
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Inputs
 GPS Position
 3 Satellites needed for Lat/Long
 4 Satellites needed for Altitude (not very accurate)
 Pitot Static Pressure
 Used to calculate airspeed
 Sometimes used to calculate altitude based on standard
atmosphere and ground reference pressure
 Accelerometers & Rate Gyros
 Used to measure pitch, role, and yaw
 Special Instrumentation for Research
 Angle of attack measurements
 Sonar based altitude
Ground Stations
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Large UAV
 Global Hawk
 Predator
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Small UAV
Integrated Communications
System (ICS) for Global Hawk
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Manufacturer L-3
Comm. – CS West, Salt
Lake City
CAMA: Common Airborn Modem Assembly
LOS: Line of Sight
LNA: Low Noise
Amplifier
HPA: High Power
Amplifer
HVPS: High Voltage
Power Supply
SATCOM: Satellite
Communications
Total Weight: 375 lbs
Power Reqs: 3822 W
Temp: -54 to 60 C
Altitude: SL to 70,000 ft.
Smaller UAV Data Links
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L-3 Comm. CS West,
Salt Lake City
Size: 3.05” x 4.95” x
0.7”
Weight: <0.5 lbs
Power: <10 Watts
Frequency: 1755 to
1850 MHz
Interfaces: Ethernet,
USB, GPS, Video, ect.
Video Transmission
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Video
Transmission is a
tricky thing to get
right
This $200 system
shows how video
can cut out
sporadically due to
directional
antenna needed
for the data
transfer rate
required for a live
video feed
References
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http://www.procerusuav.com/productsKestrelAutopilot.php
http://www.l-3com.com/csw/Product/docs/12-Global%20Hawk%20ICS.pdf
http://www.micropilot.com/prod_mp2028g.htm
http://www.cloudcaptech.com/piccolo_plus.htm
http://www.procerusuav.com/productsKestrelAutopilot.php
http://www.ramsystemsllc.com/UAV/UAV%20Flight%20Day21%20Ignition.jpg
http://www.defense-update.com/products/s/scaneagle.htm
http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19930020462_1993020
462.pdf
http://www.ramsystemsllc.com/UAV/UAV%20Flight%20Day21%20Ignition.jpg
Air to Air Video courtesy of Dr. Craig Woolsey, AOE Faculty, Virginia Tech