Transcript Structures_and_Functions

Structures and
Functions
brain
• consists of five major
regions: olfactory lobes,
cerebrum, optic lobe,
cerebellum, and the medula
oblongata (anterior to
posterior); nervous system
camouflage
• most frogs have dark dorsal
sides and light ventral sides
to protect them from
predators on land and in
water, respectively
cerebellum
• a region of the brain that is
responsible for muscle
coordination; nervous
system
cerebrum
• a region of the brain that is
responsible for learning;
nervous system
cloaca
•
collects wastes from
digestive and excretory
systems, and removes them
from the body
esophagus
•
digestive system structure
which is a tube leading food
from the mouth cavity to the
stomach
eustachian tubes
•
tubes connecting the
mouth cavity and the
tympanic membrane that
help equalize internal ear
pressure
fat bodies
•
attached near the kidneys,
and provide nourishment for
the gametes; much larger
and more abundant in
females
gall bladder
• stores bile from the liver,
and sends bile to the small
intestine; digestive system
gullet
•
the opening to the
esophagus; digestive system
heart
•
three chambered structure
(ventricle, right atrium, left
atrium) that circulates blood;
circulatory system
kidneys
•
filter blood and urine that
drains into the urinary
bladder; excretory system
large intestine
•collects wastes
from the tissues;
digestive system
left atrium
•
a chamber of the heart that
collects oxygenated blood
from the lungs and pushes it
into the ventricle; circulatory
system
•
liver
a three lobed structure that
produces bile for lipid
digestion; not part of food
passage through the
digestive system, but rather
through the blood supply;
digestive system
lung
•collects oxygen
from the air and
transfers it to the
blood supply;
respiratory system
medula oblongata
•
a region of the brain which
controls some organ
function, such as respiration
rate and heart rate; nervous
system
nictating membrane
• a clear covering over the
eye, acting similar to an
eyelid, protecting the eye
from debris in the water or
keeping the eye moistened
when on land
olfactory lobes
•a region of the brain
responsible for the
sense of smell;
nervous system
optic lobes
•a region of the brain
responsible for the
sense of sight;
nervous system
pancreas
•secretes enzymes
into the small
intestine; digestive
system
right atrium
• a chamber of the heart that
collects deoxygenated blood
from the tissues and pumps
it into the ventricle;
circulatory system
small intestine
• breaks down soupy mixture
from stomach into usable
nutrients, using bile from the
gall bladder and enzymes
from the pancreas; digestive
system
spinal cord
•connected to the
brain and 10 pairs
of spinal nerves;
nervous system
spleen
• filters improperly
functioning blood
cells; circulatory
system
stomach
•
secretes digestive juices to
breakdown whole foods
swallowed by the frog into a
soupy mixture; digestive
system
teeth
• maxillary and
vomerine teeth are
used to hold onto
caught prey, not for
chewing
tongue
• folded and slightly
forked (but not like a
snake's); it flips
forward to catch prey
tympanic membrane
• the eardrum, which collects
sound waves; this is more
external than one found in
humans, and allows frogs to
hear well in the water too
urinary bladder
•
stores urine before it is
exreted through the cloaca;
excretory system
ventricle
•
a chamber of the heart that
collects blood from the left
atrium and pumps it to the
tissues, and collects blood
from the right atrium and
pumps it to the lungs;
circulatory system