Transcript Europe and the Wider World

Europe and the Wider
World
Crusades, the East and Beyond?
Crusades
Key Terms
Seljuk Turks
Council of Clermont
Pope Urban II (r. 1088 – 1099)
First Crusade (1096-1099)
People’s Crusade
Crusader Kingdoms
Knights Templar (ca. 1129-1312)
Second Crusade (1147-1149)
Key Terms
Third Crusade (1187-1192)
Battle of Hattin (1187)
Salah-al-din (ca. 1138-1193)
Treaty of Jaffa (1192)
Fourth Crusade (1204)
Latin Empire of Constantinople (1204-1261)
Byzantine
Empire under
Siege
Compare the Byzantine Empire
in 526, to the Empire in 1081
after the disastrous Battle of
Manzikert in 1071
Spurious? Letter from Alexius I Komnenus
to Count Robert of Flanders (ca. 1095)
The holy places they desecrate and destroy in numberless ways,
and they threaten them with worse treatment. And who does not
lament over these things? Who has not compassion? Who is not
horrified? Who does not pray? For almost the entire land from
Jerusalem to Greece, and the whole of Greece with its upper
regions, which are Cappadocia Minor, Cappadocia Major, Phrygia,
Bithynia, Lesser Phrygia (i.e. the Troad), Pontus, Galatia, Lydia,
Pamphylia, Isauria, Lycia, and the principal islands Chios and
Mytilene, and many other regions and islands which we cannot
even enumerate, as far as Thrace, have already been invaded by
them, and now almost nothing remains except Constantinople,
which they are threatening to snatch aware from us very soon,
unless the aid of God and the faithful Latin Christians should
reach us speedily.
Council of
Clermont
(1095)
Map of First Crusade
Crusaders
States
Pilgrimage
Latin Empire of
Constantinople (1204-1261)
Krak des cheveliers
Outcomes
Key Terms
Ibn Rushd (Averroës) (ca 1126-1198)
Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274)
Astrolabe
Leonardo Fibonacci
Liber abacci
Roman vs Arabic numerals
MCCCXLVI / IV
MMMM (M) /VII
How does one divide these?
Item si voluerit dividere 9000 per 7, ponat 7 sub primo
zephyro, et dividat 9 per7, exibit 1 et remanent 2:
ponat ergo 1 sub 9 et 2 desuper, quibus copulatis
cum 0, quod est secus 9, faciunt 20 que dividat per 7,
exibunt 2 et remanent 6: ponat 2 sub illo zephyro, et 6
desuper, quibus copulatis cum sequenti zephyro,
faciunt 60 que dividat per 7, exibunt 8 et remanent 4:
ponat 8 sub illo zephyro 0, et desuper ponat4, quibus
copulatis cum zephyro primi gradus, faciunt 40, que
dividat per 7, exibunt5, et remanent 5: ponat 5 sub
ipso 0 et remanentia 5 ponat super virgulam de 7 ex
parte descripta, et ante ipsam ponat numerum
exeuntem ex divisione.
Trés Riches
Heures du Duc de
Berry
(e 15th c)
Opicinus de Canistris world
map, 1296 - 1300
The East
Key Terms
Genghis Khan (1162-1227)
John of Plano (ca. 1180-1252)
Güyük Khan (ca. 1202-1248, r. 1246-1248)
Karakorum
William of Rubruck (ca. 1220-1293)
Marco Polo (2254-1324)
Il Milione
Kublai Khan (1215-1294, r. 1260-1294)
William’s Travels
Andreas Walsperger's
world map, 1448