Transcript The Crusades

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notebook and a pen or a pencil.
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http://www.history.com/topics/crusades
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dRTGk9
Sqoqo
"Siege of Jerusalem during the First Crusade." Photos/Illustrations. The British Library. World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2015. Web. 23 Oct. 2015.
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How would you describe this painting?
What is going on?
What are the people doing?
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Major religious cities
 Constantinople – most important for Greek
Orthodox in the East
 Rome – most important for Roman Catholics in
the West
 Jerusalem – important to three major religions
▪ Judaism – known as Zion (God’s own city)
▪ Christianity – location where Jesus was crucified and
resurrected
▪ Islam – third “holy city” behind Mecca and Medina
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Arab Muslims took control of Jerusalem and
Palestine
 However, they still allowed Christians to travel
freely to Jerusalem for religious/personal reasons
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Seljuk Turks took control of Jerusalem
 Seljuk Turks were warlike people who converted
to Islam
▪ Over time, the Christian pilgrimage to Jerusalem
became increasingly dangerous
▪ Seljuk Turks began to threaten the Byzantine Empire
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Byzantine Emperor Alexis I asked Pope Urban II
for help (to try to save the Byzantine Empire
from the Seljuk Turks)
 There was motivation to reunite the Roman Catholic
and Eastern Orthodox church again
 Fighting the Seljuk Turks could be profitable – could
reclaim land from them
 Pope Urban II claimed that God spoke to him and told
him to go to battle and to kill for control of the “holy
land” – “Dues Vult” became the battle cry (means
“God wills it”
Byzantine Empire faced a series of
attacks
 Byzantine Emperor Alexius I asked Pope
Urban II for help
 Together they could reunite the East
and West under one Christian Empire
 Could gain territory and wealth
 Dues Vult! God wills it.
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Christians took up arms and launched the first of
nine crusades – heading east toward the holy
land
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Peasants and nobility fought
Took provisions from the land as they crossed it
Killed non-Christians along the way
Three crusader armies met up in Constantinople and
marched to Jerusalem together
 Crusaders reached Jerusalem, and after a two month
siege, Jerusalem fell
▪ Crusaders killed many Muslim and Jewish inhabitants
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What were the outcomes of the 1st Crusade?
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Turks capture Edessa in Greece and use it as a
staging zone to launch future attacks
There were no decisive victories in the 2nd
Crusade
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Turkish General Saladin practiced jihad
 Invaded Palestine and Jerusalem
 Won back the true cross and the Church of the Holy
Sepulcher
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Christians led by
 King Richard the Lionhearted of England
 Philip Augustus of France
 Frederick Barbarossa of Germany
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Ended in a truce between Saladin and Richard who
couldn’t afford any more losses
 Turks got Jerusalem
 Christians got cities along the Mediterranean
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For the West
 Unsuccessful in taking back Christian lands
 Helped break down feudalism and strengthen
monarchies in Europe
 Increased trade in the Mediterranean led to
exchange of ideas, goods and technology
(setting the stage for the Renaissance)
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United Muslims against a common enemy
Crusades deeply rooted in Islamic history –
some historian believe that the Crusades are
still continuing today
Legacy of distrust
Crusades
 1. Number the paragraphs
 2. Circle names of people,places,
and dates.
 3. Highlight or box unfamiliar
words.
 4. Underline the main point or
other relevant information.
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Using the Document, choose one of the
following activities:
 Write an editorial about the Massacre at
Acre from the point of view of a supporter
of Saladin or a supporter of King Richard.
 Create a propaganda poster from the point
of view of a supporter of Saladin or a
supporter of King Richard.
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Please take out a pen or pencil and a
highlighter if you have one.
Please review your notes from yesterday.
DISCUSS: What were the lasting impacts of
the Crusades?
 1. Number the paragraphs
 2. Circle names of people,
places, and dates.
 3. Highlight or box unfamiliar
words.
 4. Underline the main point or
other relevant information.
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Using the text, answer the four
questions on that back.