Transcript Crusades
Historical Background
7th
Century Arabs conquer Palestine
1009 Western attitudes turn
Muslims attack Byzantine Empire
Development of “Crusade”
Faithful of St. Peter
Knights of Christ
Righteous campaign
Root out evil
First Crusade
1095 - 1099
Pope Urban II called
for Crusade in 1095
1099 Muslim
population was
massacred
The creation of the
Crusader States
Second Crusade
1147 - 1149
1147 foolish attack on Damascus
that endangered Crusader States
Third Crusade
1187 - 1192
Henry II of England, Richard I of England, Philip
II of France, and Frederick I, Holy Roman
Emperor
Richard I (The Lion Heart)
Fourth Crusade
1202-1204
Directed
by Papacy
Formed to conquer
Egypt
Venetians
control
gained
Fifth Crusade
1217 - 1221
Pope Innocent III CALLED
Robert of Courcon
preached message
Emperor Frederick II was
prohibited by Pope Honorius
Sixth Crusade
1228
Holy Roman Emperor,
Frederick II
Al-Kamil, Sultan of
Egypt
Seventh Crusade
1248 - 1254
June 6, 1249 Damietta was taken by Louis IX as
a base for his fight for Jerusalem
This crusade was a complete failure
Eighth Crusade
1270
King Louis IX of
France unsuccessful
in attack on Tunis
Died in Carthage of
the plague
Ninth Crusade
1271
The fall of Antioch, Tripoli, and Acre the final
traces of Christian Occupation of Syria Vanished
Effects of the Crusades
Failed to regain holy land or protect
Constantinople
Worsened Jews social position
Muslims lost control of Spain
Muslims learn new military techniques
Brought Islamic science, medicine, and
architecture to Europe
References
Asher, S. The effects of the crusades. Retrieved February 27, 2005, from
http://www.iwms.wlwv.k12.or.us/ASHERS/2003_AM_Islam/alex/effect
-pg1.htm
Discussion: Crusade. Retrieved February 15, 2005, from
http://omniknow.com/common/wiki.php?in=en&term=Crusade#Popul
ar_reputation.
Farlex (2005). Eighth crusade. Retrieved February 25, 2005, from
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/eighth+crusade