Transcript LAN BASICS

CHAPTER
Protocols and IEEE
Standards
Chapter Objectives
• Discuss different protocols pertaining
to communications and networking
MODULE
Important Communication and
Networking Protocols
ISO-OSI Seven Layer Model
Recalled
Layer 7
Application
Layer 6
Presentation
Layer 5
Session
Layer 4
Transport
Layer 3
Network
Layer 2
Data Link
Layer 1
Physical
Source: http://starter.sdsu.edu/remote/demo/osi-tcp.html
Comparison of ISO-OSI Model
and the DOD (TCP/IP) Model
Source: http://starter.sdsu.edu/remote/demo/osi-tcp.html
Application
Presentation
Application
Session
Transport
Host-to-Host
Network
Internet
Data Link
Physical
Network Access
Layer Reference to Protocol
Recalled
Application
Presentation
Application
FTP, Telnet, SMTP, HTTP..
Session
Transport
Host-to-Host TCP, UDP
Network
Internet
IP, ICMP
Data Link
Network
Access
Ethernet, Token-Ring ...
Physical
Source: http://starter.sdsu.edu/remote/demo/osi-tcp.html
POP/SMTP
• Protocol used in electronic mail transfer
– Between the mail server and the mail client
• POP
– Incoming mail
• IMAP
– Incoming mail
– More advanced and has more features than POP3
– The later version is IMAP4
• SMTP
– Outgoing mail
FTP
• File Transfer Protocol
• File transfer between a client and an
FTP server
• Uses ports 20 and 21
Telnet
• Supports terminal emulation or host
sessions
• For example, Telnet can be used for
accessing a Unix machine and
emulating a terminal attached to the
Unix computer
DNS
• Directory service protocol
• Domain Names Service (DNS)
• Used for resolving domain names to IP
addresses and vise versa
NFS
• Protocol for Network File Service
• For example, enable a Unix machine to
function as a file server and serve files
to Windows clients
ARP
• Address Resolution Protocol
• Enables the IP and MAC addresses of
clients to be identified for transmission
of data
SNMP
• Used by network management utilities
to manage network devices
• For example, a manageable hub that
support SNMP can be managed from a
remote location using a SNMP based
LAN management software
IGMP
• Internet Group Management Protocol
• Used in multicasting
ICMP
• Internet Management Control Protocol
– Used in network error reporting
– Used by network administrators to poll
devices for troubleshooting
RIP
• Routing Information Protocol
• Used by routing devices to exchange
information such as routing table
contents etc.
• Determines the shortest path
(heuristically) from one node to another
and shares the information with routing
devices
OSPF
• Open Shortest Path First
• A more efficient protocol than RIP in
determining the fastest path to the
destination
RSVP
• Resource Reservation Protocol
QoS
• Quality of Service
NWLink
• A protocol used on Windows clients to
access Novel Netware servers
• The exchange of information between
the Windows client and the Netware
server is facilitated by this protocol
NWLink and IPX/SPX
• IPX/SPX is Novell’s protocol
– It is a routable protocol
• If IPX/SPX is to be installed in a
Microsoft client then the ODI driver
must be installed
• The alternative of installing NWLink is
preferred
– Works with NDIS driver
Sample use of NWL ink
• Access NetWare servers
• Give Netware clients access to
Windows servers
• Set a Windows 2000 server as a gateway
to NetWare servers
NetBIOS and NetBEUI
• NetBEUI
– Originally implemented by IBM for
networking
• NetBIOS
DLC
• Protocol used for connecting the LAN
to an older IBM system
– SNA based IBM network
AppleTalk
• Used in networks connecting Apple
computers
Protocol Binding
• NDIS
– Binding driver used with Microsoft
• ODI
– Binding driver used with Novell
Web Research
• Visit a vendor’s web site to obtain
information on the configuration of a
wireless LAN consisting of 2
workstations and a server
END OF MODULE
END OF MODULE
END OF CHAPTER