Transcript Unit 2 Lesson 1 - Central High School

World History II
Reasons for Exploration
Lecture Notes:
Unit 2 Lesson 1
Standard WHII.4a
To Do:
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Vocabulary
Interpretation
Question of the Day
Notes
Midas Cartoon
Notes
Multiple Choice Question Analysis
1492
Vocabulary
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Indigenous
Zealous
Merchant
Savage
Maritime
…ism
Interpretation
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You will read a quote in the next slide…you
should:
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Find two words you think an eighth grader might
not know
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Be prepared to explain each sentence
Interpretation
“All the territorial possessions of all the political
establishments in the earth--including America,
of course--consist of pilferings from other
people's wash. No tribe, howsoever
insignificant, and no nation, howsoever mighty
occupies a foot of land that was not stolen.”
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Mark Twain, Following the Equator
Questions of the Day
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Why were Europeans interested in discovering new
lands and markets?
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How did the expansion of European empires into the
Americas, Africa, and Asia affect religion in those
areas?
Reason for Explanation #1
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Mercantilist Competition between Europeans
Mercantilism Part 1
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There is only so much gold
and silver in the world…you
should get as much of it as
you can.
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Even if that means stealing it
from someone else
Mercantilism Part 2
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If other countries have the raw materials you
want and you can conquer them, do it (make
them a colony).
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Use the raw materials that you take from
them to manufacture new goods that you can
then sell back to your colony.
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And thus…turn raw materials into gold.
The race to capture colonies:
Mercantilism Part 3
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Sell more to other countries in Europe than
you buy from them (positive trade balance).
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Even if this means that you make the goods
at home
Why is it better to be Spain than
France in this Mercantilist example?
Mercantilism Part 4
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The government makes all of the decisions
concerning the economy…this was the age of
absolute kings.
Activity
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King Midas Reading and Cartoon
Reasons for Exploration #2
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Finding a route to Asia that avoided the
Muslim Turks
Why did Europeans want to go to Asia?
Asian spices were all the rage in Europe
Middle East Empires over time
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http://www.mapsofwar.com/ind/imperialhistory.html
550 AD
1025 AD
1095 AD
1180 AD
1400 AD
1453 Mehmet II (a muslim) Conquers
Constantinople and renames it Istanbul
Europeans must pay a tax to go through the
Yellow area
Europeans still want their Asian trade
goods…so…now what?
Reason for Explanation #3
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Spreading Christianity
Support for the diffusion of Christianity
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Religious zeal played a large role in Spanish and
Portuguese overseas activities.
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The Church also sent missionaries to convert to the
Catholic faith the "savages" of other continents.
Spanish treatment of the indigenous populations
provoked a fierce debate at home over whether
Indians were human and if so, whether they were
entitled to the basic rights of mankind.
Treaty of Tordesillas (1493 and 1494)
Pope Alexander VI gives both Spain and Portugal the right to conquer all new lands
in his (and God’s) name.
Begin Reading “Requerimiento” here
Requerimiento
…We (the conquistador and crew) ask and require
that you (the native) consider what we have said to
you (that the Pope is the ruler of all men and I am
his representative), and that you take the time that
shall be necessary to understand and deliberate
upon it, and that you acknowledge the Church as
the Ruler and Superior of the whole world, and the
high priest called Pope, and in his name the King
and Queen Doña Juana our lords, in his place, as
superiors and lords and kings of these islands and
this land, and that you consent and give place that
these religious fathers should declare and preach to
you.
Continued…
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If you do so, you will do well, and that which you are
obliged to do to their Highnesses, and we in their
name shall receive you in all love and charity, and
shall leave you, your wives, and your children, and
your lands, free without servitude
But, if you do not do this, I certify to you that, with
the help of God, we shall powerfully enter into your
country, and shall make war against you in all ways
and manners that we can; we shall take you and
your wives and your children, and shall make slaves
of them, and as such shall sell and dispose of them
as their Highnesses may command; and we shall
take away your goods, and shall do you all the
mischief and damage that we can; and we protest
that the deaths and losses which shall come of this
are your fault, and not that of their Highnesses, or
ours, nor of these cavaliers who come with us.
Spanish Missions in California
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Some Spaniards were
actually more interested in
spreading religion than in
conquering and taking gold.
Spanish monks set up many
“Missions” up and down the
coast of California
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They were more like small
farms with churches attached
to them.
If a native wanted any food,
he/she had to be Catholic.
Junipero
Serra
What was it really all about…
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Gold, God, Glory
Questions of the Day
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Why were Europeans interested in discovering new
lands and markets?
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How did the expansion of European empires into the
Americas, Africa, and Asia affect religion in those
areas?
Multiple Choice Question Analysis
Watch Movie
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1492: The Conquest of Paradise