Transcript Unit 11: Exploration

Unit 1: Exploration
Chapters 1-2, Dual/AP/Honors
Chapter 1, CP
Discovering the New World
(867-1607 AD)
Who discovered the New
World first?
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Theories
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Native Americans
Vikings
Chinese
Irish missionaries
Afro-Phoenicians
How did the first people come to the
New World?
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Siberian-Alaskan
land bridge during
the Ice Age
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40,000 years ago
Hunters, gatherers
Followed woolly
mammoth herds
Ancient Cultures of the
Americas
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Agricultural Revolution
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5,000-10,000 years ago
Started in Mexico
Corn, beans, peppers,
pumpkins
Ancient Civilizations in
Central America
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Mayans
Aztecs
Incas
Native American Cultures
Native American Cultures
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Hunter-gatherers
Farmers
Fishing
Organized governments and
religions
Anasazi (Cliff Dwellers)
Plains Indians
First Europeans Arrive
(according to most textbooks)
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Vikings (Norsemen, Danes)
 Scandinavia--Sweden,
Norway, Finland
Heathens, dangerous
Raids/pillaging
Colonization
 Iceland (867 AD)
 Greenland (982 AD)
 Vinland (1000 AD)
• Newfoundland
Why do they get credit?
 Ship building
 White
Eric the Red
Greenland
Vikings: Fact vs. Fiction
Horned helmets
Savages
Pillagers
Unclean
Why didn’t word of discovery of this
new continent spread?
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Vikings did not get
along with other
Europeans.
Land bridge
disappeared and
Native Americans
stopped coming.
Background for European Exploration
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What Europe was like:
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Feudal system (peasants)
Roman Catholic Church
Changes that brought about exploration:
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Crusades—holy wars in Middle East--military
Increased trade with Orient--economic
Protestant Reformation--religious
Improvements in ship technology—rudder,
map making, compass, ship construction-scientific
Rise of powerful nation-states who wanted
empires --political
Other Europeans Find the
New World
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Why did they explore?
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Find an all-water route
to Asia for spices
To find gold and other
precious minerals.
Expand their
knowledge of the
world.
To have an empire.
To expand Christianity.
To find animal furs.
Overland Trade Routes
Which countries sent
explorers?
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Major World Powers (1500)
Spain—Columbus
(1492—Bahamas),
conquistadors
Italy
Portugal
France
England
Voyages of Exploration
Results of Exploration
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Rivalries developed
between European nation
 nationalism
 imperialism
Mercantilism—countries
wanted to expand to boost
their nation’s economies
(Triangular Trade)
Cultural diffusion
End to many Indian
cultures
 Disease—90%
 Murder
Mercantilism
Belief that a nation’s wealth was
measured by how much gold and
silver it had.
 Belief that the government should
regulate trade (taxes, tariffs).
 Belief that a mother country and her
colonies work together to be selfsufficient (Triangular Trade)
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Triangular Trade
Worlds Collide Activity
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Your group will research one of the
following topics:
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Native Americans and Europeans
Africans and Europeans
Answer these questions about your topic:
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What was the relationship between the groups?
What advantages and disadvantages did each
group have?
Which group dominated and why?
What lasting effects did each group leave on
America?
European Colonization of the
New World
European
Power
BRITISH
SPANISH
FRENCH
DUTCH
Area Settled
Methods of
Land
Distribution/Se
ttlement
Patterns
Reasons for
Colonization
(economic,
religious, etc.)
Government
Structure
Relationship
with Native
Americans
Contributions
to America
Cultural Diffusion
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Meshing of cultures
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Columbian Exchange
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Columbus landing in New World
Government
Religion
Language
Foods
Clothing
Music
Technology
(gunpowder, compass)
Old & New World
Globalization