Transcript Europeans Encounter the New World

Europeans Encounter the
New World
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What was happening in Europe in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth
centuries that explains the motivation to look outward (exploration,
expansion, and colonization)?
Describe the meaning of the Columbian Exchange. How did the Old and
New World experience gains and loses because of the exchange?
Who benefited the most from the Columbian Exchange and why?
Explain the role Portugal played in the age of European exploration.
How and why did a geographic revolution take place in the sixteenth
century?
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Changes in Europe resulting in exploration and
colonization:
Reconquest
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To eliminate Muslim strongholds in the Iberian Peninsula
(purify Christianity)
Isabella promoted knowledge and technology of print
Navigation improvements (compass, hourglass, astrolabe,
maps-Portuguese)
Viking/Norsemen sagas developed a taste for luxury from
Asia and Africa
New information
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The Black Death/Plague
increase in supply of food/luxury goods
opportunities for advancement
stronger religious ties
encouraged risks
Competition for trade in the east
Increase power
More territory, more subjects, more taxes, more soldiers, more
prestige
Portuguese Exploration
• Devoted more energy and wealth than other European
countries between 1415-1460
• Religion was an easy way to justify expansion
• Prince Henry the Navigator (navigation techniques)
• Peaceful trading post in Africa
• 1460s: use of African slaves for sugar plantations
• Sea route to Asia
• Significant trade in Indonesia, China, India
Geographical Revolution
Altered Europeans understanding of the world and its
people.
• Treaty of Tordesillas
Columbian Exchange
• Trade of goods people and ideas
Be able to answer the question below
• During the sixteenth century, Spain became
the most powerful country in both Europe and
the Americas. How and why did this happen?
How did Spain transform America? How is
the Spanish influence still visible in the United
States today?