Transcript European Exploration

The World Economy
European Exploration
Motives

Gold
•Desire for raw resources & ag land
•Desire to establish new trade
routes to new markets

God
•Spread Christianity

Glory
•Build an empire to glorify rulers
Limitations of Motives

All the motive in the world will
not produce exploration w/o the
ability to do so
•Exploration in period of global
interaction result of:
changes in technology
Technological Aids

New sturdier ships
•Needed for ocean travel
•Experience in N.Atlantic vs. Med

Maneuverability
•Added a rudder

Sails
•Combined square & lateen sails to
advance in uncooperative winds
Technological Aids

Navigation instruments
Astrolabe / cross staffs
 Compass

Winds & currents
 Volta do mar

Notable Explorers

World Economies in 1500
Note the red line marking the world known to W. Europe
Columbus’ View of World
W. Europe’s lack of knowledge = misperceptions
European Exploration
European Exploration

Treaty of Tordesillas =
•agreement b/t Spain & Portugal
in 1494 in which Spain got
rights to all lands west of the
line of demarcation & Portugal
got all lands east.
European Exploration:
Treaty of Tordesillas
•Why these two countries?
•Who has the authority to create
such agreements?
•Why was a treaty needed?
•Why would Spain & Portugal agree
to these terms?
European Exploration

World Powers =
• Countries with greatest global
influence:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Portugal
Spain
Netherlands (Dutch)
England
• What do they have in common?
Treaty of Tordesillas
European Exploration

Columbian Exchange =
•massive swap of people,
diseases, plants, & animals b/t
New World & Old World upon
arrival of Christopher
Columbus.
European Exploration:
Columbian Exchange
European Exploration:
Columbian Exchange
European Exploration:
Columbian Exchange
European Exploration:
Columbian Exchange
Examples:
Old to New World New to Old World
Small Pox
Horses
Sugarcane
Africans
Wheat

Potatoes
Corn
Tomatoes
Tobacco

Mercantilism
Manufactured goods
Mother
Country
Colony
Raw
materials
Cheap labor
Christianity
Christianity
Christianity
Christianity