Transcript new world
Do Now World map 2015 Compare this map of 1492 with a map from 2015 On review sheet come up with at least 3 similarities and 3 differences Do you think the printing press had an effect on progress by 1492? This was only 50 years after the printing press was invented Why do you think people from Europe decided to explore the world? There were many reasons Europe wanted to explore Religion Find a route to the Far East Gold Let’s explore each reason! Knowledge Gain More Knowledge • Europeans wanted to know more about the world • Most Europeans never left Europe • What did the new lands look like? • How large was it? Gold, Silver, Precious Stones Europeans needed money because they were constantly at war Europeans wanted to convert more people to Christianity Europeans wanted to escape religious persecution • Animal furs became very valuable in Europe for clothing • In particular, Europeans searched for beaver fur • Needed salt, pepper, & other spices to keep meat fresh and give it flavor • Spices were found in Asia • But land routes were dangerous with mountains, different climates, and thieves along the way Eastern Europe Marco Polo’s Journey China Sahara Dessert Arabia Pacific Ocean India When Europeans heard of Marco Polo’s travels to the Far East, there began a quest to find a faster route to it. It was also a time when seafaring vessels improved greatly. By then the great ships of the oceans had keels, rudders and masts. Masts A Boat’s keel Rudders • Europeans believed they owned the land that they explored • This included the land’s natural resources and its people (slaves) In 1492, Columbus began the journeys to the Far East by traveling west, not realizing that two continents and two oceans would stop him and his crew. Balboa reaches the calm Pacific shores Henry Hudson sailing up the Hudson River, of all places Christopher Columbus The Age of Explorers 1492 – 1630 This was a time of exploration and discovery. Columbus, Hudson, Magellan, Balboa and countless other explorers left their homelands in Europe to find shorter trade routes. There is evidence that Leif Erikson and other Vikings reached North America around 1000 A.D. Spain and Portugal took the lead in exploration, sending conquistadors across the ocean in search of riches for their home country. In time England, France and the Netherlands would join the exploration. Our review will begin with the Spanish conquistadors. As we know, Conquistadors searched the New World for riches and claimed the land for Spain. They were merciless and deceptive in their treatment of the Native Americans, killing and enslaving as they conquered. Within 15 years, the Spanish defeated 2 powerful empires in the Western Hemisphere Although there were fewer soldiers, the Spanish had horses, armor and powerful weapons, and more of them More importantly, they brought diseases to the Americas, which the Native Americans had never experienced nor the immunity to protect themselves Canada Europe America Caribbean Islands South America As a result of the age of exploration the world got a little closer. Africa It began to share its wealth. It was known as the Columbian Exchange. Up to that time, Europe was without tomato, corn (maize) and cacao bean (the source of chocolate). The new world got grapes, bananas and horses to name just a few items. Holland, France and England joined the exploration of the New World. Escape Poverty English settlers came to America for a Political Oppression variety of reasons – mostly to escape problems they faced in England Indentured Servant Religious Freedom In short, they wanted to start a new life! The first permanent English settlement was Jamestown, Virginia. Jamestown was considered a success because it: -had its own government -had the support of England -was the first settlement to survive beyond settlement and continue as a colony For instance, Roanoke was earlier but did not have any survivors when supply ships returned from England Unlike the Spanish, French explorers treated Native Americans fairly. French settlers were interested in fur trade and converting natives to Christianity. They knew the natives were essential to survival in the New World. • The French treated the natives fairly. • The Spanish were cruel and betrayed their trust and enslaved those not killed. Similarities of French and Spanish treatment of Native Americans: A. They both needed Native Americans to survive. B. They both came to get land and resources. C. They both came to convert natives to Christianity