Transcript Document 74261

Exploration
SSWH 10:
The student will analyze the
impact of the age of discover and
expansion into the Americas,
Africa, and Asia
Why Explore the World?
Renaissance = spirit of adventure and
curiosity
God, Glory, and Gold
Needed new sources of wealth
goods from Asia; cut out Muslim & Italian
“middle men”
Spread Christianity
SSWH 10, C.
Explain the role of improved technology in
European exploration; include the
astrolabe
Technology
Technology made exploration possible
Early sailors never willingly sailed out of
sight of land – made trips longer
New inventions made it possible for sailors
to lose sight of land and not get lost
Astrolabe
Created by Muslims
Used to calculate
latitude
Compass
Created by the
Chinese
Used to track
direction
Caravel
Created by the
Portuguese
Sail against the
wind
Shallow; could get
really close to
shore
Lots of cargo
space
Triangular and
square sails;
maneuverability &
power
SSWH 10; A
Explain the roles of explorers and
conquistadors; include Zheng He, Vasco
da Gama, Christopher Columbus,
Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and
Samuel de Champlain
Zheng He (jung huh)
After Mongol Dynasty;
Ming Dynasty
Sailed to ports in Indian
Ocean; 1405 - 1433
Silver & Silk
Hoped to increase
tribute payments to
China; 16 new
Officials; waste of $$$;
cancelled after 7th
voyage
Prince Henry the Navigator
Portuguese; sailed for
Portugal
Portugal lead exploration
due to his support
1419; Navigation School
By 1460; Trade posts
along West African
Shore
Bartholomeu Dias
Portuguese; sailed for
Portugal
1487-1488
Discovered the Cape of
Good Hope (southern tip
of Africa)
Explored the south east
coast of Africa
Christopher Columbus
Italian; sailed for Spain
1492; Sailed west
(instead of east)
Found Caribbean
Island/Bahamas
Thought it was East
Indies
Lead to European
colonization of the
Americas
Portugal & Spain @ odds!
Pope, Alexander VI
Portugal was getting upset
about Spain’s success
Rivalry between countries
got TENSE
1493; pope steps in
Imaginary dividing line
going north & south
Line of Demarcation
West Spain
East Portugal
Treaty of Tordesillas; 1494
Vasco da Gama
Portugues; sailed for
Portugal
1498-1499
Reached India!
Gave Portugal a
DIRECT SEA ROUTE to
India which is in ASIA
Vasco da Gama’s Route
Amerigo Vespucci
Italian; sailing for
Portugal
1501
Sailed along eastern
coast of South
America
“New world”; not Asia
1507; German map
maker named the
new world America in
honor of Amerigo
Hernando Cortes
Spanish; sailing for
Spain
Conquered Aztecs in
1521
– Weapons
– Native groups helped
– Disease
Ferdinand Magellan
Portuguese; sailing
for Spain
1519-1522
Claim Philippines for
Spain
Killed in route
His crew was the first
to circumnavigate the
world
Francisco Pizzaro
Spanish; sailing for
Spain
1532
Conquered the Incan
Empire in South
America
Modern day Peru
Samuel de Champlain
French; sailing for
France
1608
Sailed up St. Lawrence
River
Founded Quebec
Base for France’s
colonial empire; known
as New France
James Cook
British; sailing for Great
Britain
1769 – 1770
Claimed New Zealand &
Australia for Great
Britain
Australia = penal colony
Triangular Trade
Transatlantic trade network
Slaves and goods were carried between
African, England, Europe, the West Indies
& the colonies in the Amreicas
Middle Passage
What does this diagram suggest
about conditions on board?
Olaudah Equiano
Primary Source
I was soon put down under the decks, and there
I received such a salutation [greeting] in my
nostrils as I never experienced in my life; so that,
with the loathsomeness of the stench, and crying
together, I became so sick and low that I was not
able to eat . . . But soon, to my grief, tow of the
white men offered me eatables; and on my
refusing to eat, on of them held me fast by my
hands, and laid me across . . . the windlass,
while the other flogged me severely.
SSWH 10; B
Define the Columbian Exchange and its
global economic and cultural impact
The Columbian Exchange
The global transfer of foods,
plants and animals during the
colonization of the Americas
Columbian Exchange
What was exchanged again?
Europe, Africa & Asia to Americas:
Foods
– Grains; wheat, rice, etc.
– Citrus, grape banana, sugar cane, honey bee,
onion, olive, coffee bean, peach, pear
Livestock
– Cattle, sheep, pig, horse
Disease
– Small pox, influenza, typhus, measles, malaria,
diptheria, whooping cough
What was exchanged again?
Americas to Europe, Africa & Asia:
Mainly foods
– Squash, sweet potato, peppers, avocado,
pineapple, cacao bean, vanilla, pumpkin,
tobacco, turkey, peanut, tomato, corn & potato
– Corn & Potato
Inexpensive & nutritious
Live longer
Boost population
Good or bad? Potato Famine in Ireland