Transcript The Dutch
Make the homeland rich! Increase power and wealth. Riches of the East! Gold, silk, spices, tea!!! profitable natural resources gold, silver, furs, timber Make an empire! Reasons for Exploration and Settlement Find the Northwest Passage to Asia! Summary for Spain, France, Holland and England Competition Rivalry! Archrivals! Conflicts Wars! 1 European Governments • In the 16th and 17th centuries, the European nations had monarchies (kings and queens). • Some monarchs shared power but others were absolute rulers, controlling all the power. • A lot of the European kings and queens were related to each other. • Rivalries, competitions and wars were common among the European nations. 2 England Great Britain France Netherlands (Holland; the Dutch) Spain Portugal 3 V-card from Cyberspace! 4 Common Reasons for European Exploration • Spain, France, Netherlands (Holland), and England were seeking: – a route to Asia by sailing west, • the Northwest Passage to India and China. • These countries wanted their merchants to control the riches of the East (the spice, silk, and gold trade). – They wanted to make their homelands (the mother country) rich and powerful. – They wanted empires-- economic empires and monopolies; political empires over vast territories. 5 England Caribbean Canada France Netherlands (Holland) 6 The Dutch French Claimed Land for France / Fur Trade / Missionaries / Partners with Native Americans • In their efforts to find a northwest passage to India, the French explorers sailed into the northern sections of North America. • They established the colonial city of Quebec. – French explorers, soldiers, missionaries, traders, and fur trappers used Quebec as their base. • The French considered the Native Americans to be business partners. – They French were not interested in conquest or agricultural (farming) settlements. – The French wanted profits from the fur trade. 7 Dutch (Netherlands, Holland) Claimed Land for the Netherlands / Merchants Started Businesses / Fur Trade / Trading Posts • In 1609 the Dutch explorer, Henry Hudson, explored rivers and claimed the land for the Netherlands. – The Hudson River, named for him, was filled with fish. • Dutch Merchants formed the Dutch West India Company as a business to plan and organize their use of resources in the colony to make more profits. • They established the colony of New Netherlands. – The major settlement was New Amsterdam that later was traded to the British and it became New York City. – The Dutch had trading posts along the Hudson River. – They befriended the Native Americans and practiced religious freedom. • They protected the freedom of European Jews. • Because the Dutch competed for the natural resources--fur, they were the archrival of France. 8 • After Queen Elizabeth’s death in 1603, the new King James of England proclaimed himself King of Great Britain. • – For him Great Britain included England, Scotland, Wales, and parts of France. – Later the Parliaments of Scotland and England made the union complete. England Companies seeking profits / Debtors seeking a way out of prison / Pilgrims and Puritans seeking Religious Freedom In 1607 merchants formed the London Company to start a colony in Virginia. – They wanted to find natural resources like furs and timber to ship back to Britain and make lots of profit. • Refugee debtors (people that could not pay back loans) wanted to avoid prison. • Many other British people wanted freedom to practice their religion. 9 England Great Britain France Netherlands (Holland; the Dutch) Spain Portugal 10 Appalachian Mountains • • European Settlements in northeast by 1640! Notice the lands claimed by the French, Dutch, and English. 11 • 1682 land claims in North America. • The Spanish had the southern parts of North America and most of South America. The Portuguese had Brazil. The Dutch pulled out. 12 Chart the Motives and Reasons for Exploration according to the PEGS Country Political Economic Geographic Social Spain Netherlands (Holland, the Dutch) France England 13