Transcript Chapter 12: The European Empires

Civilization in the West, Seventh Edition by Kishlansky/Geary/O’Brien
Chapter Outline
I. European Encounters
II. Geographical Tour: Europe in 1500
III. The Formation of States
IV. The Dynastic Struggles
Chapter 12
The European Empires
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Chapter 12: The European Empires
Emerging Nation States
Foundation of Modern Europe
The Voyages
Of Discovery
The Reformation
The Renaissance
The Scientific Revolution
The New Monarchies
Chapter 12: The European Empires
The New Monarchies
Machiavelli’s view of the successful ruler
• The prince: agent of change in state formation
• The need for unity, security and prosperity
What to look for in the successful state
• Church and nobility subordinated to monarch
• Defined frontiers
• Bureaucracy to supervise royal policies
• Royal system of justice
• Royal monopoly on military power
• Dependable and adequate source of income
Chapter 12: The European Empires
I. European Encounters
A. Africa and a Passage to India
Prince Henry the Navigator
Bartholomeu Dias
Vasco da Gama
The Beginnings of the Slave Trade
The Asian Trade
Alfonso de Albuquerque
B. Mundus Novus
Christopher Columbus
The Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
Balboa - Panama
Ferdinand Magellan
1519, begins circumnavigation
Completed by Sebastian Elcano
Portuguese Explorations
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Chapter 12: The European Empires
C. The Spanish Conquests
Hernando Cortes
conquest of Aztecs
Francisco Pizarro
Peru, 1531
D. The Legacy of the Encounters
Innovations
compass, astrolabe
(D. The Legacy of the Encounters)
Columbian Exchange
smallpox; cows, horses, pigs
venereal disease; tomatoes, potatoes,
paprika, cocoa beans
Slavery
Thomas More
Bartholomé de Las Casas
Portuguese and Spanish
Claims
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Chapter 12: The European Empires
I. European Encounters
1. How did advances in technology make the voyages of exploration possible?
2. How were the Portuguese and the Spanish different in their exploration and
exploitation of the new lands?
3. What role did the Portuguese play in the development of the slave trade. What role
did the slave trade play in the exploitation of the new world?
4. Were Europeans oblivious to the impact of their culture on native peoples?
5. What was the Columbian Exchange and how did it operate?
6. How did long-distant voyages and trade integrate the world into a single market?
Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman How
Chapter 12: The European Empires
Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman
Chapter 12: The European Empires
Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman
Chapter 12: The European Empires
Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman
Chapter 12: The European Empires
This illustration, from a famous Indian
account of affairs in colonial Peru,
accentuated the issue of Spaniards
mistreating the native population.
Spaniards, the illustrator argued, were not
content merely to place the Indian in a
subservient position (on his knees and
bearing a great burden), they also felt
compelled to physically abuse their
indigenous charges. Such images played
an important role in the hearings that
preceded the New Laws.
Photo credit: Bibliothek Royale Albert Ier
Copyright © 2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman
Chapter 12: The European Empires
II. Geographical Tour: Europe
in 1500
A. Boundaries of Eastern Europe
Mongolian Empire
Russian Empire
Poland-Lithuania
Jagiellon family
Hungary, Bohemia, Lithuania,
and Poland
Europe in 1500
B. Central Europe
C. Western Europe
Three kingdoms:
Castile, Aragon, Portugal
Reconquista, by 1492
Aragon and Castile, united, 1479
marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella
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Chapter 12: The European Empires
II. The Age of the New
Monarchies
A. Boundaries of Eastern Europe
Mongolian Empire
Russian Empire
Poland-Lithuania
Jagiellon family
Hungary, Bohemia, Lithuania,
and Poland
Eastern Europe
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Chapter 12: The European Empires
II. The Age of the New Monarchies
B. Central Europe
C. Western Europe
Three kingdoms:
Castile, Aragon, Portugal
Reconquista, by 1492
Aragon and Castile, united, 1479
marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella
Central Europe
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Chapter 12: The European Empires
II. The Age of the New Monarchies
C. Western Europe
Iberia
Three kingdoms:
Castile, Aragon, Portugal
Reconquista, by 1492
Aragon and Castile, united, 1479
marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella
Western Europe
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Chapter 12: The European Empires
III. The Formation of States
A. Eastern Configurations
Muscovy
Ivan III the Great
Orthodox Church
Ivan IV the Terrible
Volga basin
1571, Tartars invades
weakens Boyars
Poland-Lithuania
Casimir IV
Eastern Europe
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Chapter 12: The European Empires
III. The Formation of States
B. The Western Powers
France
Hundred Years’ War
Burgundy
1477, Swiss victory at Nancy
Louis XI
Anjou, Maine, Brittany,
Orleans, Bourbon
new taxes: taille, gabelle, aide
Spain
Unification:
single language, currency
intermarriage of nobles
Charles V
Habsburg heir
The Unification of France
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Chapter 12: The European Empires
III. The Formation of States
B. The Western Powers
Spain
Unification:
single language, currency
intermarriage of nobles
Charles V
Habsburg heir
The Travels of Isabella and Ferdinand
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Chapter 12: The European Empires
IV. The Dynastic Struggles
A. Power and Glory
“New Monarchs”
Charles V, Francis I, and Henry VIII
B. The Italian Wars
Valois v. Habsburg
Kingdom of Naples
Burgundy
Francis I, Charles V
Henry VIII, allies with Charles V
1526, Treaty of Madrid
Spain to rule Burgundy, Navarre, and
Naples
Henry VIII and Francis I
Mohacs, Vienna
1599, Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis
The Italian Wars
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Chapter 12: The European Empires
Assignments
Wk 4
Notes : View Bucholz lectures 5-6
1. Study historyteacher.net PP, #14,
16
2. Chp. 12 Quiz: Mon. 9/16
create a 1-page study aide addressing one of the
questions below. Include a thesis statement
and a bulleted list of ideas and supporting
facts. Due Fri. 9/13
Formation of States: 1500 due
1.
2.
and Reminders
Sun. Seminar, alt. for last week Sept.
Sun. Seminar, alt. mid-Oct. (AP Test
1, may substitute a grade)
Using the criteria of “The New Monarch” on the next
slide, evaluate your Renaissance monarch: Henry VIII,
Francis I, Charles V, Ferdinand and Isabella.
What factors shaped: Poland-Lithuania, Muscovy? In
what ways did developments in central and eastern
Europe deviate from those of the West?
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