Transcript Exploration and Expansion

Exploration and Expansion
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Why did the Europeans embark upon voyages of
discovery in the 1400’s and 1500’s?
How did Europeans establish colonies in the lands
they discovered?
How did the creation of colonies in the Americas
affect trade patterns and the economic systems of
Europe?
How and why did Europeans establish a slave
trade between Africa and the Americas and what
were the lasting effects of this trade?
Caravel
• A light fast sailing ship
• New Technology- rudder and lateen sails
Henry the Navigator
• Prince of Portugal that sponsored voyages
of discovery
Vasco Da Gama
• Sailed for Portugal
around the southern
tip of Africa to India in
1497
Christopher Columbus
• Attempted to sail West in order to reach
China
• 1492 reached the Caribbean
Ferdinand Magellan
• Set out in 1519 to sail around the world
Circumnavigate
• To sail completely around the world
Sir Francis Drake
• Sailed for England on
a voyage of
Exploration around
South America to the
West Coast of
America
Henry Hudson
• Sailed for England looking for a Northwest
passage around the Americas
Quiz
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Caravel
Henry the Navigator
Vasco da Gama
Christopher
Columbus
Ferdinand Magellan
Circumnavigate
Sir Francis Drake
Henry Hudson
• What were the
foundations upon
which the Age of
Exploration was built?
• What discoveries
were made by
explorers from
Portugal and Spain?
• What drove explorers
from the rest of
Europe?
Encomienda
• Spanish system of colonization of the
Caribbean
Hernan Cortes
• Led expedition to Mexico that ended with
the conquest of the Aztec Empire
Conquistador
• Spanish military leader that
fought against the Native
American people
Moctezuma II
• Aztec Emperor at the
time of the Spanish
arrival in America
Francisco Pizarro
• Led Spanish expedition to
Peru and conquered the
Incas
Atahualpa
• Leader of the Incas
• Captured and killed by Pizarro
Viceroys
• Spanish officials selected by the king that
control large estates in America
Bartolome de Las Casas
• Wanted to protect the
Native American from
harsh treatment.
• Suggested using African
laborers instead of
Native Americans
Treaty of Tordesillas
• Drew an imaginary
line through the
Atlantic
• Everything East
belonged to Portugal
• Everything West
belonged to Spain
Quiz
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Encomienda
Hernan Cortes
Conquistador
Moctezuma
Fransisco Pizarro
Atahualpa
Viceroys
Bartolome de las Casas
Treaty of Tordesillas
• How did Spain build an
empire in the Americas?
• What kind of colony did
the Portuguese establish
in Brazil?
• What was life like in the
French, Dutch and
English colonies in the
Americas?
Columbian Exchange
• Global
transfer of
culture and
changes in
society
between
colonists and
natives
Mercantilism
• Economic system where a nation’s power
was measured in wealth/wealth was
measured by gold
Balance of Trade
• Exports greater than Imports
• Difference is in Gold
Subsidies
• Grants of money to help business
Capitalism
• Economic
activities are
carried out by
private
individuals and
organizations
Joint-Stock Companies
• Investors buy shares of stock in a
company in hopes they would receive a
share of the profit.