Transcript Unit 1: Different Worlds Meet

Bell Work 9/15
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1) Define the vocabulary words listed below:
Nomad
Migration
Maize
Culture
2) Write a sentence using each vocabulary
term correctly.
Unit 1: Different Worlds Meet
Chapter 1: The First Americans
Chapter 2: Exploring the
Americas
Chapter 1: The First Americans
 Section 1: Early Peoples
 Section 2: Cities and Empires
 Section 3: North American Peoples
Chapter 1 Section 1: Early
Peoples
Main Idea
Ice Ages
Beringia
Supporting Details
Periods of time when part of
the earth was covered with large
ice sheets.
Last one ended about 10,000
years ago.
Land bridge between Asia and
North America that was exposed
during the last Ice Age.
Chapter 1 Section 1: Early
Peoples
Main Idea
Supporting Details
Migrations of First groups of people in the
Early Peoples Americas migrated across Beringia
Nomadic
Hunters in search of food
Large animals disappeared
People hunted smaller game, fish,
and ate plants
Emergence of Maize was discovered in present-day
Communities Mexico 9,000 years ago
Farming allowed people to stop
moving from place to place.
Chapter 1 Section 1: Early
Peoples
 Mastodon
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Mastodon_color.jpg
Chapter 1 Section 1: Early
Peoples
 Woolly Mammoths
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Woolly_mammoth_cropped.jpg
Chapter 1 Section 1: Early
Peoples
Main Idea
Supporting Details
Cultures
 Ways of life that include
religion, beliefs, values, and
traditions
Communities allowed people to
develop common customs
Review and Process
 1) What is the name of the land bridge the
early Native Americans crossed?
 2) Why were the early Native Americans
nomadic?
 3) What discovery allowed people to form
communities?
 4) What characteristics are a part of culture?
 Write a one sentence summary about
something you learned today!
Bell Work
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1) Define the vocabulary words listed below:
Theocracy
Hieroglyphics
Terrace
2) Write a sentence using each vocabulary
term correctly.
Chapter 1 Section 2: Cities and
Empires
Main Idea
Supporting Details
Early
American
Civilizations
Maya
Prior to European exploration, there were many
American civilizations
The most advanced were the Maya, Aztec, and Inca
Present-day Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, and Belize
300-900 AD
Built stone pyramids with religious and government
centers on the tops
Tikal was the largest Mayan city
Theocracy
Believed gods controlled all that happened on earth
astronomers
Hieroglyphics
Chapter 1 Section 2: Cities and
Empires
 Chichen Itza- Kukulcan Temple (Maya)
Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/89241789@N00/750441966/
Chapter 1 Section 2: Cities and
Empires
Main Idea
Aztec
Inca
Supporting Details
Present-day Mexico
Tenochtitlan-capital city (Mexico City)
Military empire-conquered neighboring tribes
Forced conquered people to work as slaves
Society organized around religion
Sacrificed prisoners in religious ceremonies
Western highlands of South America(Colombia-Chile)
Cuzco-the capital city
Largest of early American civilizations
Quipus
Quechua-official language
Terracing
Chapter 1 Section 2: Cities and
Empires
 Aztec pyramid
Source: http://www.amerika-live.de/Mexiko/Mexiko34.jpg
Section 2: Cities and Empires
Machu Picchu- “Lost Incan City”
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Review and Process
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1) What present-day countries did the Mayans live in?
2) What is a theocracy?
3) What was the name of the Aztec’s capital city?
4) How did the Aztec build a military empire?
5) Where was the Inca Empire located?
6) How were the Inca able to plant crops on
mountainsides?
 Write a one sentence summary about
something you learned today!
Bell Work
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1) Define the vocabulary words listed below:
Pueblos
Adobe
Federation
2) Write a sentence using each vocabulary
term correctly.
Chapter 1 Section 3: North American
Peoples
Main Idea
Supporting details
Hohokam
Present-day Arizona
300-1300 AD
Built irrigation canals
Left behind pottery, carved stone, and shells
Anasazi
Lived in area known as Four Corners (Utah,
Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico)
Built pueblos
Mound
Builders
Present-day Pennsylvania-Mississippi River
Valley
Built mounds of earth similar to Aztec pyramids
Chapter 1 Section 3: North
American Peoples
 Hohokam Pottery
Section 3: North American
Peoples
 Anasazi Pueblos
Chapter 1 Section 3: North
American Peoples
Main Idea
Supporting Details
Inuit
(Eskimo)-Arctic regions of North America
Last group to migrate to North America
Built igloos, wear furs and sealskins
Peoples of the
West
Peoples of the
Southwest
Tlinglit, Haida, Chinook, Nez Perce, Yakima, Pomo,
Ute, and Shoshone
Used resources from the forest and sea
Hopi, Acoma, Zuni, Navajo, Apache
Made homes out of adobe bricks
Raised beans, squash, and maize
Chapter 1 Section 3: North
American Peoples
 Inuit igloo
Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/alaskabee/410830022/
Chapter 1 Section 3: North
American Peoples
Main Idea
Supporting Details
Peoples of the
Plains
Comanche and Dakota
Nomads
Lived in teepees
Trained horses to hunt and fight
Peoples of the
East
Iroquois consisted of 5 main groups: Onodaga,
Oneida, Seneca, Cayuga, and Mohawk
Formed a federation-Iroquois League
Present-day northeast (New York)
Peoples of the
Southeast
Creek, Cherokee, Chickasaw, and Seminole
Southeast (Georgia, Alabama, and the Carolinas)
Chapter 1 Section 3: North
American Peoples
 Teepees on the Plains
Source: http://www.welcomehome.org/rainbow/graphics/nm95/teepees.jpg
Review and Process
 1) Which group lived in present-day Arizona
between 300-1300 A.D.?
 2) Which group lived in the area known as the
Four Corners?
 3) Where did the Mound Builders live?
 4) Which group built igloos to protect themselves
from severe weather?
 5) Which groups of people built tepees?
 6) Which Iroquois groups formed the Iroquois
League?
 Write a one sentence summary about something
you learned today!
Bell Work
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1) Define the vocabulary words listed below:
Renaissance
Technology
Astrolabe
Caravel
Mosque
2) Write a sentence using each vocabulary
term correctly.
Chapter 2: Exploring the Americas
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Section 1:
Section 2:
Section 3:
Section 4:
A Changing World
Early Explorations
Spain in America
Exploring North America
Chapter 2 Section 1: A Changing
World
Main Idea
Supporting Details
Marco Polo
Italian explorer
Traveled to Asia in 1271
Spent 17 years in Asia
Wrote a book called Travels
Travels influenced other European explorers
(Columbus)
Renaissance
Renewed interest in classical Greek and
Roman learning
Began in Italy in the early 1400’s.
Encouraged pursuit of new ideas and
challenges
Led to exploration and discovery
Chapter 2 Section 1: A Changing
World
 Marco Polo
Source: http://www.windoweb.it/guida/cultura/cultura_foto/marco_polo.jpg
Chapter 2 Section 1: A Changing
World
Main Idea
NationStates
Supporting Details
Technology
Better maps, astrolabe, and magnetic compass
Navigation easier for sailors
Caravel- longer ocean voyages
Large groups of people with common customs
organized under a single government
Develop foreign trade and travel
Increase power and wealth (Spain, France,
England, Netherlands)
Chapter 2 Section 1: A Changing
World
Main Idea
Supporting Details
African
Kingdoms
Major West African Kingdoms: Mali, Ghana, and
Songhai Empire
Ghana
Trading empire (400-1100AD)
Gold and salt
Split into several new states
Mali
Capital city-Timbuktu
Developed trade routes to North Africa
Mansa Musa- Mali’s greatest king
Musa had several mosques built in Timbuktu
Chapter 2 Section 1: A Changing
World
Main Idea
Songhai
Empire
Supporting Details
Late 1400’s
West Africa’s largest empire
Askiya Muhammad- Songhai’s
greatest emperor
Legal system and schools
Trade with Europe and Asia
Review and Process
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1) Who was Marco Polo?
2) What was the Renaissance?
3) What technologies made ocean travel easier?
4) Which nation-states wanted to increase their
power and wealth?
 5) Which African empires traded with European
nation-states?
 Write a one sentence summary about something
you learned today!
Bell Work
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1) Define the vocabulary words listed below:
Circumnavigate
Strait
2) Write a sentence using each vocabulary
term correctly.
Chapter 2 Section 2: Early
Explorations
Main Idea
Supporting Details
The Vikings
Explored Iceland and Greenland-800’s and 900’s
Leif Eriksson explored Vinland
Historians think Vinland was North America
Portugal
Leaders of early exploration
New water route to Asia
Sailed along the Gold Coast (West Africa)
Traded for gold, ivory, and slaves in 1400’s
Prince Henry
From Portugal
the
First to sail along west coast of Africa
Navigator
Created center of exploration
Chapter 2 Section 2: Early
Explorations
Main Idea
Supporting Details
Bartholomeu Dias From Portugal
1487-explored Cape of Good Hope
Vasco da Gama
From Portugal
1498- First to sail around Africa to India
Christopher
Columbus
From Italy, sailed for Spain
Sponsored by Queen Isabella
Find new water route to Asia by sailing west
Columbus’ First
Voyage
October 12, 1492 Columbus lands in present-day
Bahamas
Named the land San Salvador and claimed it for Spain
Referred to the native people as Indians
Chapter 2 Section 2: Early
Explorations
 Christopher Columbus
Source: http://www.lincolncs.org/56/Studies/images/Christopher%20Columbus.jpg
Chapter 2 Section 2: Early
Explorations
Main Idea
Supporting Details
Three additional voyages in 1493, 1498, and 1502
Columbus’
Later voyages Explored islands of Hispaniola, Cuba, and Jamaica.
Claimed these lands for Spain
Amerigo
Vespucci
Ferdinand
Magellan
1499- Mapped South America’s coast
New continent named America in his honor
1519-1521
Sailed through the Strait of Magellan
1521-Killed in battle in the present-day Philippines
Magellan’s crew- first to circumnavigate the world
Chapter 2 Section 2: Early
Explorations
 Ferdinand Magellan
Review and Process
 1) Who were the first explorers to reach North
America?
 2) Which explorer was the first to reach India?
 3) Which explorer believed he could reach Asia by
sailing west?
 4) Which explorer was America named after?
 5) Which explorer’s crew was the first to
circumnavigate the world?
 Write a one sentence summary about something
you learned today!
Bell Work
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1) Define the vocabulary words listed below:
Conquistador
Mission
Presidio
Encomienda
Plantation
2) Write a sentence using each vocabulary
term correctly.
Chapter 2 Section 3: Spain in
America
Main Idea
Supporting Details
Conquistadors Spanish explorers who settled in the Americas
Received land grants from Spanish rulers in exchange
for 20% of any discovered treasure
Conquered Native American empires
Exposed Native Americans to European diseases
Hernan Cortes
Francisco
Pizzaro
Spanish conquistador
1519- landed in present-day Mexico
1521- Conquered Aztec empire
1532-Landed in South America
Captured and executed Inca emperor Atahualpa
Conquered Inca empire
Section 3: Spain in America
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Chapter 2 Section 3: Spain in
America
Main Idea
Supporting Details
Juan Ponce 1513- Landed in Florida
Searching for gold and “fountain of youth”
de Leon
Led to the creation of St. Augustine in 1565
Hernando
de Soto
1539-1542 Explored present-day southeastern U.S.
Explored west coast of Florida, the Mississippi
River, and traveled as far as Oklahoma
Francisco
Coronado
Looking for the Seven Cities of Cibola
Explored the southwestern part of the present-day
United States around 1540
Section 3: Spain in America
 Hernando de Soto
Review and Process
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1) Who were the conquistadors?
2) Which explorer conquered the Aztec empire?
3) Which explorer conquered the Inca empire?
4) Which explorer landed in Florida in 1513?
5) Which person explored he southeastern U.S?
Write a one sentence summary about something
you learned today!
Bell Work
 Complete the following quick write activity
based on what you learned yesterday:
 YOU have been given the opportunity to
interview Hernan Cortes. Write three
questions that you would want to ask him
and why you want to know his answers.
Chapter 2 Section 3: Spain in
America
Main Idea
Supporting Details
Guns, cannons, and horses
Spain’s
Success in the Native Americans believed Spaniards were gods
Many Native American assisted the Spanish
New World
Exposed to European diseases
Spanish
Settlements
Pueblos-towns and centers of trade
Missions-religious communities
Presidios-forts built near missions
Chapter 2 Section 3: Spain in
America
Main Idea
Supporting Details
to demand taxes or labor from Native
Encomiendas Right
Americans
Granted to Spanish conquistadors by Spanish rulers
Turned Native Americans into slaves
Plantation
System
Plantations-large estates that raised cash crops
Native Americans were used by the Spanish on
plantations
1500’s- Spanish bring enslaved Africans to
plantations
Chapter 2 Section 3: Spain in
America
Penninsulares- landowners, ran local governments, served
in Catholic Church
Creoles- People born in the Americas to Spanish
parents
Mestizos- People with both Spanish and Native American
parents
Native Americans
Enslaved Africans
Review and Process
 1) Name three reasons why Spain was successful
in building a New World empire?
 2) What were encomiendas?
 3) Describe the plantation system.
 4) What were the types of Spanish settlements?
 5) What were the social classes in Spanish
society?
 Write a one sentence summary about something
you learned today!
Bell Work
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1) Define the vocabulary words listed below:
Mercantilism
Columbian Exchange
Northwest Passage
2) Write a sentence using each vocabulary
term correctly.
Chapter 2 Section 4: Exploring North
America
Main Idea
Supporting Details
Protestant
Reformation
1517-people in Europe protested the policies of
the Catholic Church
Led to religious rivalries in the Americas between
Catholics and Protestants
Mercantilism
Nation’s power is based wealth
Competition among European nations for treasure
and land in New World
Columbian
Exchange
Two-way exchange between Europe and Asia,
Africa, or the Americas
Livestock, crops, plants, and enslaved Africans
Disease carried from Europe to Americas
Chapter 2 Section 4: Exploring
North America
Main idea
Northwest
Passage
Supporting Details
John Cabot
Sailed for England
1497- Landed on coast of present-day
Newfoundland
Claimed for England
Giovanni da
Verrazano
Sailed for France
1524- Explored North American coast from
present-day Newfoundland to the Carolinas
England, France, and Netherlands wanted to trade
with Asia
Searched for direct water route through Americas
to Asia
Chapter 2 Section 4: Exploring
North America
 John Cabot- England
Source: http://www.elizabethan-era.org.uk/images/john-cabot.jpg
Chapter 2 Section 4: Exploring
North America
Main Idea
Supporting Details
Jacques
Cartier
Sailed for France,
1534-1536 Explored St. Lawrence River area
1535 Founded Montreal
Henry
Hudson
Sailed for the Netherlands (Dutch)
1609 Explored Hudson River valley
1610 Explored Hudson Bay
Samuel de
Champlain
Sailed for France,
1608 Explored Quebec and Lake Champlain region
Established fur trading posts in Quebec
Chapter 2 Section 4: Exploring
North America
 Jacques Cartier- France
Source: http://blog.libero.it/jacquescartier/getmedia
Review and Process
 1) What was the Columbian Exchange?
 2) What is mercantilism?
 3) What were explorers from England,
France, and the Netherlands looking for?
 4) What impact did these explorers have on
North America?
 Write a one sentence summary about
something you learned today!