Transcript Persian Wars - Warren County Public Schools

Persian Wars
Greek polis’s clashed with PErsians. King
Cyrus the Great decided the Greeks needed
to be stopped from interfering with Persian
Empire
Cyrus Died and Darius Became King
Marathon 490 B.C.
Athens outnumbered 1/2. Persians waited on
beach for Athens (who hid in hills). Persians
loaded ships. (strongest man on first) Athens
attacked. Athens sent messenger 26 miles last
words “Victory” and died.
•
********DARIUS DIES**his son****XERXES IS
KING******
Thermopylae 486
B.C.
2.) Xerxes wanted revenge on Greeks. Greeks
combined forces.
Leonidas-Sparta King in charge of land. Fought
Persians at Thermopylae “That is good news. We will
fight in the shade!” Traitor told Persians about back
path. Leonidas sent soldiers to safe place and a few
men stayed back to fight. Persian won
Salamis
3.) Themistocles-Athenian general in charge of
sea. Wanted to cut off food supply to Persian
Army. Fought at the Salamis straight. Greek
ships were smaller and could turn around quicker
and rammed Persian ships. Greeks won the
battle on the water
*****Persian Army march to Athens (everyone
gone) Persians burn their city
PLATAEA 479 B.C.
Greeks united together (BIGGEST Greek Army
EVER!) Defeated Persians
Persian Empire weakened. *After Xerxes dies other
Kings raise taxes and spend money on themselves.
*common people rebelled *Brothers plotted against
each other.
330 B.C. Alexander The Great Invaded Persian
Empire and won
Peloponnesian War
431 B.C.
Athens fought Spartans for power (had different forms
of gov’t and didn’t trust each other)
Athens knew Sparta could beat them on land and
Athens would win on water but Sparta didn’t have a
navy.
Athens hid inside city walls. Better fighting than open
field. After one year sickness hit the city. Many people
died 1/3
Fought another 25 years. Sparta made deal with
Persians and Persians crushed Athenian Army
Outcome of Peloponnesian
War
Greeks could never unite after this
Spartans put in 30 men (thirty Tyrants) Oligarchy.
After a year people rebelled
Socrates gives hope “how do things work”
“does a good shepherd get rid of his sheepsstood up to the Oligarchies he was a gadfly
(questions/criticizes). Had young people
questioned-sentenced to death