Transcript Unit 8 Seminar

Unit 8 Seminar
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Welcome to Unit 8 Seminar
Basics of Pharmacology
This unit will provide a basic
overview of pharmacology principles.
Unit 8 Seminar
Principles of Pharmacology
It is the broad science of the origin,
nature, chemistry, effects and uses of
drugs.
Clinical Pharmacology
Is the study of the biologic effects of a
drug on a patient when used as a medical
treatment and the actions of a drug in the
body over time.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iopnE5B
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Responsibility of the Medical Assistant.
Medical Assistants should have a general
understanding of the types of drugs that
are available.
Drugs are constantly being developed and
released for patient treatment. Medical
assistants should continually update their
knowledge.
Pharmacology
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1
aAVp0FXO08
http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/Developm
entApprovalProcess/default.htm
http://www.drugs.com/fda-approvalprocess.html
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Agencies that regulate drugs in the United
States.
Several federal agencies combine sources to
regulate the drugs in the United States.
FDA – Food and Drug Administration regulates
the development and sale of all prescription and
OTC – over the counter drugs
DEA – Drug Enforcement Administration enforces
laws designed to control drug abuse and also
educates the public about drug abuse prevention
FTC – Federal Trade Commission regulates OTC
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Controlled Substances
According to the federal Control
Substance Act (CSA), a drug or other
substance that has potential for
illegal use and abuse must be placed
on the controlled substance list.
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Regulation of Controlled Substance
There are specific CSA regulations
governing the record keeping, physician
registration, and inventory of controlled
substances.
Complete and accurate medical records
must be maintained on the purchase and
management of scheduled drugs in the
ambulatory care setting
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Developing new medications
Pharmaceutical companies developing new
medications must first gain FDA approval
before the drugs can be sold.
The approval process begins with chemical
testing in he lab, then to testing in lab
animals and finally human clinical trials.
Only one of 10 new drugs reaches the
clinical testing phase.
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If the drug is found to have an
acceptable benefit-to-risk ratio,
meaning it is effective, without
causing an unacceptable level of
harm to the user, then the FDA
approves the medication for release.
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Generic drugs – the original
manufacturer is award copyright for
17 years.
Other pharmaceutical companies are
unable to produce generic copies
until the 17 year period is over.
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Two methods of dispensing drugs
OTC – Over the counter
Prescription – is an order written by
the physician for the dispensing of a
particular medication
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Phone In Prescriptions
If a medical assistant is requested to
phone in a prescription all of the pertinent
information must be written down and
reviewed by he physician for accuracy
before the call is made.
A note is also made in the patient’s chart
that a medical order was phoned into the
pharmacy with all of the pertinent
information.
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Classification of drugs
Clinical pharmacology is a complex
subject.
To make it easier, drugs are classified
into groups according to their actions
on the body, the symptoms they
relieve, or the body system that they
affect
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A drug classified as one type of
agency may have other uses and
actions on other systems of the
body. For example, a drug classified
as a diuretic may also be an
antihypertensive drug.
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Patient Education
Important for the patient to be aware
of the effects a drug may have and
should have on his or her system
The medical assistant plays an
important role in helping patients
understand their medications.
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Conducting comprehensive
interviews that ask detailed
questions about patient use of drugs
and documenting this information on
the chart provide vital information
for the physician.
Performing interviews with the
patient about home remedies.
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Legal and ethical issues
Accurate and complete documentation is
essential for correct management of
patient medications. Each time a patient
is prescribed or administered a
medication, complete details must be
included in the patient chart. Failure to do
so may result in a serious error that could
potentially harm the patient and result in
litigation
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HIPAA
Patient have the right to request
restrictions on the disclosure of protected
health information (PHI) for treatment,
payment and health care operations
(TPO). For example, if a patient has a
history of substance abuse and this
information is not pertinent to current TPO
circumstances, then the patient may
request that this information not be
disclosed.
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However, the facility does not have to
agree with the patient’s request.
There should be a process in place within
the practice to review the demand and
explain the physician's decision to the
patient.
If the physician agrees not to release the
information then the specific restriction
must be documented in the patient’s
chart.
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PDR – Physician Desk Reference
Is published annually
Contains information on
approximately 2500 drugs
Drug manufacturers pay for the
space, so the PDR can be called the
yellow pages of the drug industry