Transcript Chapter 14 medications/injections

Objectives
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Identify the types of injections administered to
patients
Describe the angle, site and types of
medications for each type of injection
Compare and contrast an ampule and a vial.
Perform the following skills
 Intradermal injection
 Subcutaneous injection
 Intramuscular injection
 Intravenous injection
Types of injections
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Many factors determine the type of
injection used
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Site
Medication
Patient age
Compromised site
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skin,
Disease process
amputation
Types of injections
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Intradermal
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Commonly used for
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Needle size
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10-15 degrees
Sites used
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Fine gauge of 26 or 27
3/8 to 5/8 inches in length
Angle of injection
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skin tests (TB)
Allergy testing
Anterior forearm
Mid back
Very small amount of medication is administered
Types of injections-con’t
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Subcutaneous
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not more than 2 cc of medication
Needle size
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Angle of injection
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45 degrees
Sites used
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25g to 27 g
½ to 5/8 inches long
Arm (TRICEP area)
Abdomen
Upper thigh (midvastus lateralis)
Common uses
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Insulin
Allergy injections
immunizations
Meds of rheumatoid arthritis
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Types of injections-con’t
Intramuscular
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Made into the muscle tissue
Common sites
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Needle size
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1-3 inches long
18-23 guage-( dependent of the substance being
injected and patient size)
Angle of needle
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Deltoid (upper outer)
Gluteus medious (upper outer portion of the hip)
Ventrogluteal (lateral outside portion of the hip)
Vastus lateralis (midportion of the thigh)
90 degrees
Types of medications
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Pain
Antinausea
chemotherapy
Types of injections-con’t
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Intravenous
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Only given by a nurse of MD
Medications are introduced directly into the bloodstream
Needle size
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Amount
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1-11/2 inches
20- 21 gauge
a few ml to large IV drip (piggy back, primary)
Types of medications
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Pain,
Anitibiotics
Vitamins
hydration
Preparing the patient
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Calm anxiety and fears by explaining
the procedure to them
Don’t allow to view the needle
Pediatric patients need added help to
restrain
Get consent-usually written
Secure the site
Preparing the patient-con’t
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Select the site
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Dependent on medication
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Size of patient
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Amount
Painful
type
Weight
Muscular development
Age of patient
Preparing the site
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Remove restrictive clothing
Apply gloves
Clean the site
Prepare the medication
Position the patient
decrease muscle tightness
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leg/arm/=sitting down
gluteal=standing or lying down
Vials and Ampules
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Many medications come in vial or
ampule form
Vial=closed lid with a stopper on the
top
Ampule= glass container that must be
opened
Medication is drawn into a syringe for
administration.
Withdraw medication from a vial
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See procedure
sheet
Give an intradermal injection
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See procedure
sheet
Give a subcutaneous injection
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See procedure
sheet
Give an intramuscular injection
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See procedure
sheet
Intravenous medications