Transcript Animal Kingdom

Table of Contents
Echinoderms
Arthropods
Annelids
Mollusca
Nematoda
Platyhelminthes
Cnidarians
Porifera
Chordates
Movement
•
They may walk, swim, crawl, burrow,
or fly-or not move at all.
Respiration
•
Sponges rely on water moving
through their bodies to take oxygen
from the water.
Circulation
•
Diffusion
Digestion
•
Intracellular
Excretion
•
Through diffusion of carbon dioxide
and other wastes like ammonia.
Reproduction
•
Can reproduce sexually or asexually
Nervous System
•
Sponges have no nervous systems
but do produce toxins that protect
themselves.
Symmetry
•
Asymmetrical
Back
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Hexactinellida
Family: Euplectellidae
Genus: Euplectella
Species: Euplectella aspergillum
Movement
•
Some cnidaria move jet propelled and
others have a hydrostatic skeleton
which allows movement
Respiration
•
Diffusion through body walls
Circulation
•
Diffusion transportation
Digestion
•
Have a gastrovascular cavity and
completes intracellularly with cells.
Excretion
•
Diffusion through body walls
Reproduction
•
Sexually and asexually
Nervous System
•
Specialized sensory cells, and have a
nerve net.
Symmetry
•
Radial
Back
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Order: Scleractinia
Suborder: Astrocoeniina
Family: Acroporidae
Genus: Acropora
Species: Acropora millepora
Movement
•
Cilia on cells glide through water,
muscle cells twist/turn to react rapidly
to environment
•
Soft, flattened worm
Respiration
•
Diffusion
Circulation
•
Difussion
Digestion
•
Digestive cavity and a mouth, digested
food diffuses from cavity into other
body tissues
Excretion
•
Flame cells
Reproduction
•
Sexually and asexually, hermaphrodite
Nervous System
•
Ganglia, eyespot
Symmetry
•
Bilateral
Back
Facts
Have tissues and
internal organ
systems
Acoelemate
Free living or
parasitic
Simplest animal
with:
Three Germ
Layers
Cephalization (a
head region with
nerves)
Many parasitic
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Trematoda
Order: Plagiorchiida
Suborder: Troglotremata
Family: Paragonimidae
Genus: Paragonimus
Species: Paragonimus kellicotti
Movement
• Move with muscles, pseudocoelom
fluids
Respiration
• Diffusion through body walls
Circulation
• Diffusion
Digestion
• Full digestive tract with two openings
Excretion
• Diffusion through body walls
Reproduction
• Sexually and most species have
separate sexes, internal fertilization
Nervous System
• Simple with several ganglia
Symmetry
• Bilateral
Back
Facts
•Unsegmented
•First to have full digestive tract
•with two openings (mouth and anus)
•Some parasitic
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Nematoda
Class: Adenophorea
Order: Mermithida
Family: Mermithidae
Genus: Romanomermis
Species: Romanomermis culicivorax
Movement
•
Longitudinal muscles contract to make worm
shorter and fatter, circular muscles make worm
longer and thinner. Moves by alternately
contracting these
Respiration
•
Aquatic use gills, terrestrial take in oxygen and
give of carbon dioxide
Circulation
•
Closed system
Digestion
•
Has a crop, gizzard, and intestine; food
digested in the gut
Excretion
•
Digestive waste passes through anus at the
end, has nephridia
Reproduction
•
Most reproduce sexually, some external
fertilization, separate sexes, some
hermaphrodites
Nervous System
•
Most have a well developed nervous system,
brain, nerve cords
Symmetry
•
Bilaterial
Back
Facts
•Segmented bodies
•True coelom
•Complex organs
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Order: Canalipalpata
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Sabellidae
Genus: Eudistylia
Species: Eudistylia polymorpha
Movement
•
Well-developed groups of muscles
controlled by nervous system
Respiration
•
Tracheal tubes, spiracles, book lungs
Circulation
•
Open circulatory system, well developed
heart
Digestion
•
Complete digestive system
Excretion
•
Malpighian tubules, diffusion for aquatic
Reproduction
•
Terrestrial have internal fertilization,
aquatic have internal or external
fertilization
Nervous System
•
Most have well develped nervous system,
all have a brain, most have sophisticated
sense organs
Symmetry
•
Bilateral
Back
Facts
•Segmented body
•Tough exoskeleton
•Jointed appendages
•Complex organ systems
•Molt exoskeleton
•Classified based on number and structure of
body segments and appendages
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Merostomata
Order: Xiphosura
Suborder: Limulina
Family: Limulidae
Genus: Limulus
Species: Limulus polyphemus
Movement
•
Rippling motion, jet propulsion
Respiration
•
Gills, mantle cavity
Circulation
•
A circulatory system that is either
open or closed
Digestion
•
A complete digestive tract with a
mouth and anus
Excretion
•
Nephridia remove ammonia from the
blood and release it outside the body
Reproduction
•
Sexually by external fertilization, some
inside; some are hermaphrodites
Nervous System
•
Varies greatly among the species,
some simple with small ganglia; some
have well developed brains
Symmetry
•
Radial
Back
Facts
•Internal or External shell
•Trocophore larvae
•Made up of 4 parts: foot, mantle, shell, visceral mass
•Feeding structures: beak, siphon, radula
•Aquatic or terrestrial
•Hydrostatic skeleton
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda
Order: Octopoda
Suborder: Incirrina
Family: Octopodidae
Subfamily: Octopodinae
Genus: Octopus
Species: Octopus vulgaris
Movement
• Most use tube feet to move, determined by
the structure of its endoskeleton, flexible
joints, crawling
Respiration
• Water vascular system, thin-walled tissue of
the tube feet, skin gills
Circulation
• Water vascular system
Digestion
• Fully developed digestive system
Excretion
• Wastes released through anus, ammonia
excreted
Reproduction
• External fertilization
Nervous System
• Nerve ring that surrounds the mouth and
radial nerves, scattered sensory cells that
detect light, gravity, and chemicals released
by potential prey
Symmetry
• Radial
Back
Facts
•Endoskeleton
•5 part radial symmetry
•Marine only
•Deuterstome development
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Echinoidea
Order: Arbacioida
Family: Arbaciidae
Genus: Arbacia
Species: Arbacia punctulata
Movement
•
Nonvertebrate chordates – no bones
•
Vertebrates – bones, muscles, ligaments
•
Movement depends on placement of muscles or appendages next
to spine
1.
S-movement of spine/body
2.
Up/down movement of spine
Respiration
•
Well developed respiratory systems including gills, lungs etc.
Circulation
•
Well developed, heart, blood vessels
Digestion
•
Stomach, intestine, well developed
Excretion
•
Gills can diffuse ammonia directly
•
Kidneys – change ammonia into UREA or URIC ACID, less toxic
forms
1.
Regulates water and ion concentration
•
Birds and reptiles – uric acid
•
Terrestrial amphibians, mammals and cartilaginous fish – urea
Reproduction
•
Sexual with separate sexes
•
Fertilization:
1.
External – eggs in the water
2.
Internal – terrestrial organisms
•
Egg development
1.
Oviparous – eggs outside
2.
Ovoviviparous – eggs inside
3.
Viviparous – no eggs, internal development
•
Childcare – aves and mammals
Back
Nervous System
•Cephalization with all groups
•Nonvertebrate chordates – simple systems
•Vertebrates – well developed brain, complex
sensory structures.
Symmetry
•Bilateral
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Monotremata
Family: Ornithorhynchidae
Genus: Ornithorhynchus
Species: Ornithorhynchus anatinus