Transcript Establishing Modern Civilizations

Establishing Modern
Civilizations
CHINA
S
China Changes
S 1644-Last and largest dynasty, Qing Dynasty
S mid-1800’s-China’s population had more than tripled
S Ultimately there wasn’t enough goods or even food for all of
the people and eventually led to the end of the Qing
Dynasty’s rule.
Opium War
S The British began smuggling a drug called opium into the
country and eventually began using drugs to buy goods
instead of money, so China’s economy suffered
S China tried to put a stop to it, but the Opium War began
and in the end China lost and had to pay Britain a large
amount of money, give the British control of Hong Kong
and allow British traders into Chinese ports
Taiping Rebellion
S Peasants were angry at what had happened and tried to
rebel
S It lasted for 14 years and 20 million lives were lost
S Peasants wanted:
S Equality for women, to end private property, division of
harvest among the needy
S The Chinese military finally ended everything in 1868.
Boxer Rebellion
S 1900, the Boxers wanted to defeat the Qing Dynasty and
force all foreigners out of China
S Troops from Britain, France, Russia, Japan and America all
came together and defeated the Boxers
S China’s government was left in turmoil (stress, unsure)
A New Republic
S Sun Yat-sen created the Chinese Nationalist Party in 1911 with
hopes of democracy.
S 1912-democracy was established and Sun gave his presidency over
to Yuan Shigai
S China suffered for 16 years; before and during WWI China fought
against Japan
S Not only did the CNP grow, the Communist Party was formed
S 1925-CNP: 200,000 and Communist Party-10,000
Control
S 1927-the CNP and Communist Party join forces and Chiang
Kai-shek became leader of China, and he quickly turned
against the Communists
S 1934-the CNP seemed close to victory and the Communists
retreated on the Long March (100,000 Communists;6,000
miles north)
S 1949-Kai-shek’s rule was over, but during his rule:
transportation was bettered, industry was encouraged and
education was offered to more people. People slowly turned
to the Communist party for help.
Communism Begins
S WWII began and Japan invaded China-Zedong and the Red
Army for help and in 1945 when WWII ended China’s two
parties went back to fighting each other
S 1949-Communists defeated the CNP forcing Kai-shek to
flee to Taiwan and on October 1, Mao Zedong declared
China communist gaining nearly all the power over China
S 1966-Cultural Revolution: Zedong’s last attempt to win the
people over, but the economy, transportation, goods and
services all grew weak and people wanted reform (change).
Communist Changes
S Took land from the rich and gave it to the poor
S Started a 5 year plan that put all industry under government
control
S Workers (up to 25,000 people) combined land to create
collective farms to grow food together, run small industries,
provide education and healthcare
S In just 1 year China’s economy was destroyed
S From 1958-1960: major famine hit the land and 20 million
starved, and many more died of disease
Today
S 1978-Economic reforms took place
S Today, China is one of the fastest growing economies in the
world
S 2013-China is the 2nd largest economy in the world, both in
worth and buying power
S They currently have the world’s largest army