Transcript What concerns did the West have with China`s trade policy in the

Review
What signaled that the Ming Dynasty lost
the Mandate?
 What “Dynasty” took over after the Ming
Dynasty?

#2 - British Arrive
Chapter 28.1
 British
arrive - set up trade port in
Canton in south
 British emerging as an Empire - win
India
– power of technology!
#2 - AIM: What impact
did the Opium Wars
have in China?
Concerns?
What concerns did the West have with China’s
trade policy in the early 1900’s – Qing
Dynasty?
 Unequal: China selling more goods to
outside world - not allowing outside world
to sell in China
 For decades only the southern port of
Canton was open for trade to the west.
Chinese Trade Policy

China only allowed foreigners to trade
through one port – Canton

This created an imbalanced in trade
Sneaky Sneaky!
British trick the Chinese into Trade but
uses a harmful item!
Opium used for medicinal purposes for
years by Chinese.
 Opium: habit forming narcotic made from
poppy plant
 British smuggle it into China
 1835: 12 million addicted in China
Chinese reaction!!
Opium War [1839]: China v. Britain
 Emperor asks Queen Victoria to force
merchants to stop trading opium

Pleas went unanswered.

Chinese government arrested British opium
dealers, broke into British-owned warehouses,
confiscated the opium & destroyed it.

British retaliate.
War Begins

Opium War is at sea

Great Britain has a

Chinese ships no match for Britain’s steam
powered gun boats – China defeated
The Peace Treaty

[1842] Treaty of Nanjing:
Britain gained Hong Kong, 5 new ports open for trade;
receive “most favored nation status”,
China paid $20 million in fines or indemenities

No Tribute


[1844] Another Treaty Signed
Extra-territorial rights given- foreigners not subject
to Chinese law at the ports that are open for trade
These treaties became known as “The Unequal Treaties”

Creates resentment!


What internal problems did the
Qing dynasty have ?
Chinese population grew!
– 430 million by 1850… 30% gain in 60
years
 Food Production could not meet demands
– hunger widespread…unrest brewing


A rebellion is the result
What was the Taiping Rebellion [1851-1864]?
Taiping= “Great Peace” Hong Ziuquan
A Christian convert who saw himself as the brother
of Jesus or the son of god
 Build a new kingdom where everyone would share in
the wealth

1,000,000 peasants turned on their masters

Massive peasant army captured Nanking & made it
their capital
Result of the Taiping Rule

Constant warring – Inefficient government

Taipings destroyed agricultural centers.

Major cultural centers lost masterpieces, imperial
libraries were burned

Disaster – Yellow River changes course - floods
the south
Qing (Manchu) get help from British and
French
 Great
Britain & France give support in
putting down the rebellion
 1864
– Taiping government collapses
 The
deadliest military conflict in
recorded history
 20
million dead
ummmmm….pie