Transcript 2 nd Opium War - Primary School Wikispaces

Picturing CHINA
Photographs from British collections
1870-1950
Photographs from British collections
This exhibition
• This comes from a project researching the history of the
Chinese Maritime Custom Service
• It focuses on issues related to modern Chinese history
and to the history of foreign imperialism.
中国简史
Brief History of China
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8000BC late stone Age
221BC Qin Dynasty (First unification)
206BC Han Dynasty
618AD Tang Dynasty
960AD Song Dynasty
1260
Yan Dynasty
1380
Ming Dynasty
1644
Qing Dynasty
1912
Last emperor abdicates
1919 -49 National anarchy: age of the warlords
1949
People’s Republic of China
BRITAIN
Date
CHINA
1820
Singapore founded 1826
Victoria Queen 1837
Afghan war 1838-42
1st Opium War begins-
1830
← 1839 →
-1st Opium War begins
1840
1st Opium War ends 1842 -
← 1842
Hong Kong given to Britain
→ 1842 -1st Opium War ends
1848 Cixi takes power in China
1850
War with Burma 1852
War with Russia 1854-6
(Crimean War)
2nd Opium War 1856-8Indian Mutiny 1858
1850-4 Taiping Rebellion Rising
against Qing dynasty
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→
1860
Suez canal opened 1869
-1856-8 2nd Opium War China
defeated
2nd Afghan War 1878 -80
1870
Boer War (S. Africa) 1881
1880
1884-5 War with France
1888 Indo-China (Vietnam)
created by France
2nd Boer War begins 1899 –
1890
1894-5 War with Japan
Japan takes Taiwan
1899 Boxer Rising against
colonial powers
British embassy beseiged -
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→
2nd Boer War ends - 1901
Queen Victoria dies 1901
Edward VII 1901 -1910
1900
George V 1910 -36
World War 1 1914 -18
1910
1909 Cixi dies
Emperor Pu’I dethroned 1911
1920 - 1949
period of the warlords
1937
1937-1945 Japan invades
China
1949
People’s Republic established
鸦片战争 Opium Wars
• First Opium war
1839-1842
Treaty of Nanjing
• Second Opium war
1856-1860
Treaty of Tianjing
Supplementary treaty of Peking
After Opium Wars
• Opium trade made legal for foreigners
• More than 80 treaty ports were established
in China.
• Many foreign goods were freed from import tax.
• The Maritime customs office was taken over and
run by British officials.
• China had lost her sovereignty over the import
taxes
Where ?
Chinese Maritime Customs Service
• It was a customs tax collection agency and information service
founded in Shanghai in 1854.
• It was established and run by foreign consuls.
• At least 11,000 foreign nationals were employed .
• Over twenty-five different nationalities of employees.
• First inspector general of the Customs Service was a British
diplomat.
• 1840-1950
Tens of thousands of Britons lived in or visited China
The subjects of the photos
Merchants
Ordinary
people
Policemen
photos
Diplomats
Missionaries
Visitors
How long would it take to travel
from
Britain to China?
• Five and half months by water (before)
• Eleven hours by air (now)
World Map
‘Photography was and is a staggering invention. It brought
our ancestors face to face with themselves, and it brings
us face to face with them’
- Robert Pols (Dating old photographs)
Photos on show
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Commerce and industry
The Chinese Maritime Customs Service
Everyday life
Women
Foreigners in China
Politics and protest
Old China Hands
How old are they now?
Children in a photographer’s studio,Shanghai(1907)
Commerce and industry
The Chinese Maritime Customs
Service
Everyday life
women
Foreigners in China
Politics and protest
Old China Hands
Men and women
born in China
before 1949 who
live in Britain today
……..
Do you know?
• What is the Customs service?
• Why did so many Britons leave home to work and live in
China?
• What was the transportation for them?
• How long it would take them to get there?
• And how long to travel around China?
• Does your family have any link with this part of history?
Further Reading A
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On a Chinese Screen
A Thousand miles of miracle in China
Chinese looking glass
Empire made me
Britain in China
The Boxers, China
Missionary Encounters
Friends to China
Further Reading B
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China through a College Window
The Crippled Tree
The gate of happy sparrows
The Dragons backbone
News from Tartary
Forbidden Journey
Forgotten Kingdom
The last Empress
Further Reading C
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Tulku
Good Earth
Rickshaw boy
Flashman and the Dragon
Somewhere to Visit
Museum
Bristol
Museum
London
British
Museum
National
Maritime
Museum
Imperial
War
Museum
Museum
Of East Asia
Art
More…..
Oxford
Ashmolean
Museum
More……
Useful link
http://chp.ish-lyon.cnrs.fr
http://www.bristol.ac.uk/history/customs
http://www.bacsuk.org.uk
http://www.aasianst.org
Historical Photographs of China website:
http://chp.ish-lyon.cnrs.fr
End
谢谢