Transcript #4 James Madison War of 1812

#4 James Madison
War of 1812
From Father of the Constitution to
President of the Nation
DO NOW:
1. How did President Adams try to
strengthen the national government?
2. Why did President Jefferson struggle
with his decision to purchase the
Louisiana Territory?
October 17th Agenda
1. Explain 2 causes of the War of 1812.
2. Explain why it was foolish for the
Americans to declare war on Britain.
3. Explain why the Battle of New Orleans
was fought on January 8, 1815.
War Breaks
• Many Americans blamed the British for
increased attacks by Native American
in the western frontier.
• They favored a war with Britain to push
them out of North American and to put
a stop to western attacks
• Further British aggression pushed
America to the brink of war
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Anger toward Britain Causes
War…
• 2 Causes of the War of 1812
– Native American attacks on frontier settlers
– Impressment: the act of forcing people into
military service
• British ships stopped American merchant ships
at sea and removed men to serve in the British
navy
• Madison requested and received the approval
from Congress to declare war on Britain in 1812.
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By Land and By Sea
• The War of 1812 was fought on 2 fronts
– The land war was fought against British held
Canada
– However the Americans had little success in
the ground war
– The Naval war no more successful than the
land war
– The US was outnumbered by the British 20
ships to 1.
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Overmatched
• The American declaration of war against
British was foolish
• The British had a better army and navy.
• They were better trained and equipped
for war.
• They had more experience in battle.
• The US received no support from other
nations.
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The Burning of Washington
DC
• In 1814, the British ended their war with
France and could focus their full attention
on the United States
• On August 24, the British entered the US
capital and started fires
• The Capitol Building and the White House
were gutted by flames
• The citizens of Baltimore were able to turn
the enemy back
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The War Ends
• Both the Americans and the British
recognized that they were fighting a war
that neither wanted to fight.
• The American treasury was empty and
the capital was destroyed.
• On December 24, 1815, British and
American officials signed the Treaty of
Ghent, officially ending the war and
restoring original boarders between the
US and Canada
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One Last Battle
• Although the war officially ended on
December 24, 1815, one last battle was
fought after the treaty was signed
• The Battle of New Orleans took place on
January 8, 1816.
• Troops had not received word of the
ending of the war as communication was
slow
• The United States won this final battle.
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