Transcript Cold War - ESC-20

Graphic Organizer
Soviet Views
World Affairs
American Views
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
The Yalta Conference, Feb, 1945
Purpose: To plan post war Europe
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
Concerns
Soviet Security
Concerns
American Economic
Concerns
Keep Germany and the
countries
between them weak
Promote economic
growth by increasing
world trade
Capitalist countries
would
try to destroy
communism
Promote democracy and
free trade
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
Declaration of Liberated Europe
Purpose: The right of all people to choose the type of
government under which they will live
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
Dividing Germany
Divided into four zones between the
United States, Britain, Russia and France,
Berlin was also divided into four zones
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
Stalin’s Next Move
Pressured the King of Romania
into a Communist government
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
Potsdam
Soviets wanted
reparations
United States wanted the
economy and industry
to be revived
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
The Iron Curtain
Political and military barrier that
isolated Soviet-controlled
countries of Eastern Europe after WWII
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
Definitions
Satellite Nations: countries not under direct Soviet
control, but had to remain Communist and friendly to
the Soviet Union
Containment: the policy or process of
preventing the spread of a hostile power
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
Crisis in Iran
Soviets had soldier in Northern Iran and
The U.S. had soldiers. Instead of withdrawing as
promise, Stalin remained in Iran
The Truman Doctrine
The Truman Doctrine
Mar 12, 1947
Truman ask Congress for 400
million dollars to fight Communist
aggression in Greece and Turkey
The Marshall Plan
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
The Marshall Plan
In June 1947, Secretary of State
George C. Marshall
proposed the European Recovery Plan
Give European nations American aid
to rebuild their economies
The Marshall Plan
The United States offered up to $20 billion for relief, but only
if the European nations could get together and draw
up a rational plan on how to organize the recovery.
The Marshall Plan
The Marshall Plan, it should be noted, benefited the
American economy
as well. The money would be used to buy goods from
The United States, and They had to be shipped
across the
Atlantic on American merchant vessels, but it worked.
By 1953 the United States had pumped in $13 billion,
and Europe was standing on its own.
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
The Berlin Crises
What led to the Berlin Crises?
The Soviet Union believed that they
would not receive reparation
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
The Berlin Airlift, June 1948
Soviets cut off all traffic into West Berlin
Why?
In June 1948, Truman orders
the Berlin Airlift to begin
What type of military alliance did the Berlin
Crisis put into motion?
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO), April 1949 Organization
Purpose: NATO members agreed to come to the
aid of any member who was being attacked
How did the Soviet Leaders respond?
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
Review
Explain the Truman Doctrine
Explain the Marshall Plan
How did Truman feel about the Marshall Plan?
The Cold War 1945 - 1960
Continuation of today’s lecture
Divide into 5 groups
U.S. & Truman, Marshall, Soviet Union
& Stalin, Newspaper Reporters
Congress, and the U.S. Citizens, NATO