Transcript Chapter 22.2 Lecture Station - Waverly

Exploring American History
American History
Unit VII – The Beginning of Modern America
Chapter 22 Section 2- The Spanish-American War
The Spanish-American War
The Big Idea
The United States expanded into new parts of the world as a
result of the Spanish-American War.
Main Ideas
• In 1898 the United States went to war with Spain in the
Spanish-American War.
• The United States gained territories in the Caribbean and
Pacific.
Main Idea 1:
In 1898 the United States went to war with
Spain in the Spanish-American War.
• 1890s- Cubans rebelled against Spain.
• Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst
– yellow journalism
– Stories helped increase public support for
military action
• Americans supported Cuba
• Americans opposed- General Weyler.
• William McKinley.
War with Spain
January
1898
February 15,
1898
April 20,
1898
April 20,
1898
Maine
USS Maine sunk; newspapers
blame Spain.
Teller Amendment
Spain declares war on the
United States.
American’s Get War Fever
• Yellow Journalism
• The Explosion of the “Maine.” February 15,
1898
• “Remember the Maine!”
• de Lome Letter-.
• “Jingoes”
• McKinley demands Spain give Cuba its
independence. Spain refuses and we declare war.
War in the Philippines- 3:40
• The U.S. Navy, under Commodore George
Dewey, -Philippines on May 1, 1898.
• On August 13, U.S. troops and Filipino
rebels led by Emilio Aguinaldo took control
of the Philippine capital of Manila.
War in the Caribbean
• U.S. Army unprepared for Spanish-American War
– Troops had to be increased—from 28,000 to 280,000.
– Did not have enough rifles, bullets, or uniforms
– Harsh living conditions
– 400 killed in battle; 2,000 died of disease
• Rough Riders were a group of volunteers commanded by
Theodore Roosevelt.
– Admired by American people for heroism
– Contributed to solid U.S. victories at Santiago and Kettle Hill
• Spanish Caribbean fleet was destroyed on July 3, 1898.
• U.S. troops invaded Puerto Rico in mid-July.
• Spain signed a cease-fire agreement on August 12, 1898.
War With Spain
• Explain – Why did Pulitzer and Hearst use
yellow journalism in their newpapers?
• Identify Cause and Effect – List four events that
led Congress to declare war on Spain.
• Develop – How might the situation in Cuba
have been developed if the United States had
found evidence that the explosion of the Maine
was accidental?
War With Spain
• Recall – Who commanded the warships that
defeated the Spanish in the Philippines?
• Explain - Why didn’t Dewey occupy the
Philippines immediately after defeating the
Spanish?
• Identify Cause and Effect – What caused the
moral problems for soldiers in the Caribbean?
• Making Inferences- How did Theodore
Roosevelt’s reputation affect his involvement
with Rough Riders?
War With Spain
• Describe – How did the Spanish fleet
fare when they tried to break through
the U.S. blockade around Cuba?
• Make Inferences - Why do you
suppose the Spanish in Puerto Rico
surrendered so easily?
U.S. victory over Spain elevated the American
position in the world.
• Spain gave up all claims to Cuba.
• The United States gained territory in
Puerto Rico and Guam.
• Spain turned over the Philippines for
$20 million.
• Territorial gains strengthened the
military and economic position of the
United States.
The Course of the War
• Consequences of the War
– Terms of the Peace Treaty
• Spain gives up all claims to Cuba, cede Puerto Rico and Guam
to the U.S.
• Philippines turned over to U.S. for $20 million.
– Sweet victory for the U.S.- John Hay ambassador to Great
Britain in a letter to Theodore Roosevelt called it “a splendid
little war”.
– Costs to the U.S.
• $250 million and over 2,000 soldier deaths (mostly from yellow
fever)
• Huge payoff for U.S.- U.S. now an imperialistic nation- an
expansionists delight.
Main Idea 2:
The United States gained territories in
the Caribbean and the Pacific.
Territorial Gains
• Peace treaty placed Cuba, Guam,
Puerto Rico, and the Philippines
under U.S. control.
• Anti-Imperialist League.
• Treaty approved in Senate
New U.S. Territories
Cuba
• Platt
Amendment
Puerto
Rico
The
Philippines
• Philippine
Government
Act in 1902.
United States Gains Territories
• Explain – Why did McKinley set up a military
government in Cuba?
• Evaluate - Judge the reasoning of the AntiImperialist League.
• Recall – When did the United States
government stop being actively involved in
Cuban affairs?
United States Gains Territories
• Identify – What three things were accomplished
in Cuba by Leonard Wood?
• Interpret - What was meant by the Cuban
complaint that they were “handing over the keys
to our house”?
• Compare – How were the hopes of the Puerto
Ricans similar to the those of the Cubans?
United States Gains Territories
• Identify – Calculate the year in which
Puerto Ricans were finally allowed to
elect their own governor.
• Analyze - Why did President
McKinley want control of the
Philippines?
The Price of Freedom- Website
Spanish American War1898-1902