Transcript Review for EOCT

Review for EOCT
• The Mayflower Compact and the House
ofBurgesses were important to the
development of democracy in colonial
America because they
– (1) expanded freedom of religion
– (2) promoted self-government
– (3) protected private ownership of property
– (4) granted voting rights to all white males
• Which concept found in the United States
Constitution was a belief held by the social
contract philosophers of the Enlightenment
period?
– (1) presidential cabinet
– (2) judicial review
– (3) limited monarchy
– (4) sovereignty of the people
• The main criticism of the Articles of
Confederation was that they failed to
– (1) allow for the admission of new states
– (2) limit the powers of the president
– (3) provide adequate powers for the central
government
– (4) prevent the development of military rule
• President Andrew Jackson claimed that use of the
spoils system increased democracy in the federal
government because it
– (1) removed property-holding qualifications for voting
– (2) limited the role of the electoral college in
presidential elections
– (3) allowed larger numbers of citizens to hold office
– (4) used nominating conventions to pick political party
candidates
Both the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and the
Compromise of 1850 settled conflicts between
the North and the South over
– (1) admission of states to the Union
– (2) Supreme Court decisions
– (3) presidential election results
– (4) voting rights
• In the late 19th century, the federal government
aided the growth of transcontinental railroads by
– (1) legalizing rate rebates for large shippers
– (2) providing free land for laying railroad tracks
– (3) requiring standard-gauge tracks on all interstate
lines
– (4) forcing small lines to consolidate into large systems
• The Populist movement was most interested
in improving conditions for
– (1) farmers
– (2) business leaders
– (3) African Americans
– (4) Native American Indians
• What was the main benefit that labor unions
of the late 19th century gained for their
members?
– (1) job security
– (2) improved wages and hours
– (3) paid vacations
– (4) health insurance
• During the late 1800s, business leaders
formed trusts mainly to
– (1) reduce prices
– (2) eliminate competition
– (3) improve worker productivity
– (4) establish overseas factories
• Which president was known as a trustbuster?
– (1) George Washington
– (2) Calvin Coolidge
– (3) Theodore Roosevelt
– (4) Dwight Eisenhower
• In the late 1800s, the theory of laissez-faire
capitalism was used by many industrialists to
– (1) petition the government for assistance during
times of financial crisis
– (2) oppose colonial expansion in Africa and Asia
– (3) argue against government regulation of
business practices
– (4) defend limits on the number of immigrants
allowed to work in factories
• New Deal programs such as the Civilian
Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works
Progress Administration (WPA) were primarily
intended to help
– (1) farmers
– (2) homeowners
– (3) businesses
– (4) unemployed workers
• Which federal policy was enacted during
World War II and justified as a wartime
necessity?
– (1) a ban on German-language books
– (2) internment of Japanese Americans
– (3) exclusion of Chinese immigrants
– (4) adoption of the quota system of immigration
• Which United States foreign policy action
resulted from the close geographic
relationship between the United States and
Latin America?
– (1) Monroe Doctrine
– (3) Marshall Plan
– (2) Truman Doctrine
– (4) Open Door policy
• Because of fertile land and a long growing
season, plantations in the thirteen colonies
developed in
– (1) New England
– (2) the Middle Atlantic region
– (3) the South
– (4) the upper Mississippi River valley
• The framers of the United States Constitution
included the concepts of federalism, checks
and
balances, and separation of powers in the
document because they
– (1) feared a government with unlimited power
– (2) favored the poor over the rich
– (3) wanted to increase the powers of the states
– (4) hoped to expand the democratic process
• The power of judicial review allows the
Supreme Court to
– (1) repeal amendments to the Constitution
– (2) determine the constitutionality of a law
– (3) break tie votes in the electoral college
– (4) impeach the president and other high-level
officials
• A loose interpretation of the Constitution was
applied when
– (1) George Washington appointed John Jay to the
Supreme Court
– (2) John Adams signed the Alien and SeditionActs
– (3) Thomas Jefferson purchased the Louisiana
Territory
– (4) James Monroe delivered his State of the Union
message
• How did President George Washington react
to the conflict between France and England
in1793?
– (1) He used the opportunity to begin the war for
American independence.
– (2) He declared the neutrality of the United States.
– (3) He aided the French because they had
supported the American Revolution.
– (4) He negotiated a peace settlement between the
warring nations.
• As a result of President Andrew Jackson’s
policies, Native American Indians were
– (1) relocated to reservations in Mexico
– (2) forcibly removed to areas west of the
Mississippi River
– (3) gradually allowed to return to their ancestral
lands
– (4) given United States citizenship
• The “new immigrants” to the United States
between 1890 and 1915 came primarily from
– (1) southern and eastern Europe
– (2) northern and western Europe
– (3) East Asia
– (4) Latin America
• Both the Interstate Commerce Act and the
Sherman Antitrust Act were
– (1) inspired by the effectiveness of earlier state
laws
– (2) designed to protect business from foreign
competition
– (3) declared unconstitutional by the Supreme
Court in the late 1800s
– (4) passed by the federal government to regulate
big business
• Langston Hughes and Duke Ellington are noted
for their contributions to the cultural
movement of the 1920s known as the
– (1) Gospel of Wealth
– (2) Lost Generation
– (3) Harlem Renaissance
– (4) Gilded Age
• Which leader founded a vocational training
institution in the late 1800s to improve
economic opportunities for African
Americans?
– (1) George Washington Carver
– (2) Frederick Douglass
– (3) W. E. B. Du Bois
– (4) Booker T. Washington
• In the last half of the 1800s, which
development led to the other three?
– (1) expansion of the middle class
– (2) growth of industrialization
– (3) formation of trusts
– (4) creation of labor unions
• Which document included John Locke’s idea
that people have the right to overthrow an
oppressive
government?
– (1) Mayflower Compact
– (2) Northwest Ordinance
– (3) Declaration of Independence
– (4) Bill of Rights
• The Declaration of Sentiments, adopted during
the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848, is most
closely associated with the rights of
– (1) immigrants
– (2) enslaved persons
– (3) Native American Indians
– (4) women
• A primary reason for the establishment of the
Open Door policy (1899) was to
– (1) protect United States trade in the Far East
– (2) gain control of the Panama Canal Zone
– (3) encourage Chinese immigration to the United
States
– (4) improve relations with Russia
• Books such as Uncle Tom’s Cabin, How the
Other Half Lives, and The Feminine Mystique
all show that literature can sometimes
– (1) expose government corruption
– (2) cause violent revolution
– (3) begin military conflict
– (4) encourage social reform
• The Progressive movement (1900–1920) was
primarily a response to problems created by
• (1) abolitionists
• (3) industrialization
• (2) nativists
• (4) segregation
• What was a central issue in the Supreme
Court cases of Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
and Miranda v. Arizona (1966)?
– (1) freedom of religion
– (2) voting rights
– (3) rights of the accused
– (4) property rights
• The adoption of the Bill of Rights
(1791)addressed Antifederalist criticism of the
new Constitution by
– (1) providing for an indirect method of electing the
president
– (2) protecting citizens from abuses of power by the
national government
– (3) allowing the national government to coin money
– (4) establishing a process for impeaching federal
officials
• A major purpose of both the Chinese
Exclusion Act (1882) and the Gentlemen’s
Agreement with Japan (1907) was to
– (1) limit immigration of certain ethnic groups
– (2) enrich America’s cultural diversity
– (3) treat all Asian and European immigrants
equally
– (4) relocate Asians displaced by war
• In the late 1800s, the principles of Social
Darwinism were most consistent with the
ideas of
– (1) Populism
– (2) laissez-faire economics
– (3) trustbusting
– (4) utopian socialism
• Many farmers failed to share in the general
prosperity of the 1920s mainly because they
– (1) lacked new farm machinery to increase
production
– (2) did not have sufficient numbers of farm
laborers
– (3) had to pay high wages to their workers
– (4) received low prices for crops due to
overproduction