Transcript A New Republic - Ector County ISD

A NEW REPUBLIC
United States of America
George Washington
• Became America’s first president.
• Was elected by unanimous vote.
• Took oath of office on April 30, 1789
• Known as the nations “Founding
Father”
Presidents Cabinet
• John Adams – first
vice president
• Alexander Hamilton –
first Secretary of
Treasury
• Thomas Jefferson –
first Secretary of State
• Henry Knox - first
Secretary of War
Congress set up three departments:
• State Department – to handle
relations with other countries.
• Treasury Department – to deal
with financial matters
• War Department – to provide for
the nations defense
Presidents Authority
The president has
authority over the
entire executive
branch.
Federal Judiciary Act
Federal Judiciary Act – created our court
system. John Jay was first chief justice of
Supreme Court
Bill of Rights
Bill of Rights (first 10
amendments) was written
by James Madison and was
added to the constitution in
which it protects personal
liberties.
It was ratified on December
15, 1791
Hamilton’s Plan
Alexander Hamilton came up with a plan to pay off
the country’s debt from war; must have support from
the South for his plan to succeed. He promised that
the capital of the new nation would be placed in the
south.
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A special district was created between Virginia and
Maryland called Washington, D.C.
created a national bank, the Bank of the United States.
proposed a tariff
created national taxes – such as a tax on whiskey.
Early Challenges
• The Whiskey Rebellion – in western Pennsylvania, farmers
outraged over the tax placed on whiskey. Started an armed
revolt.
• Washington sent army to stop the rebellion, setting a precedent
that government would use force when necessary to maintain
social order.
Native Americans
• Washington sent an army to contain problems with
the Native Americans
• They lost the battle and gave up most of their land
in present day Ohio in the Treaty of Greenville.
Britain goes to war with France
• Britain declared war on France.
• Washington wanted America to remain neutral.
• Washington issued a Proclamation of Neutrality – prohibited
American citizens from fighting in the war and barred French and
British warships from American ports
British Impressments
• America nearly went to war with Britain because of
the practice of impressments. The British stopped
American merchant ships and forced the sailors into
the British navy. America was outraged.
• Jay’s Treaty – British had to withdraw from American
soil and pay for damaged ships.
Washington’s Farewell
• Washington chose not to run for a
3rd term – he set a precedent with
2 terms that later presidents would
follow.
• Washington considered political
parties to be very dangerous and
he urged America to remain
neutral in foreign affairs.
The First Political Parties
• By 1796 Americans were beginning to
divide into opposing groups and to form
political parties.
• Federalists – people who supported a strong federal government
• Democratic-Republicans – wanted to limit the governments power
The Election Of 1796
• John Adams- 2nd President
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vy7FJJ_ud84
• Thomas Jefferson- Vice President
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MaqmBOyNCuE
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r161cLYzuDI
Alien and Sedition Acts
• Alien Act- Allowed the president to
imprison aliens or send those he
considered dangerous out of the country.
• Sedition Act- made it a crime to speak, write, or publish “false,
scandalous, and malicious” criticisms of government
• The Virginia and Kentucky Resolution of
1798 and 1799- claimed that the two acts
could not be enacted because they violated
the constitution.
States Rights
• States might nullify or legally overturn federal laws
considered unconstitutional
• States’ Rights- rights and powers independent of the
federal government that are reserved for the states by the
constitution.