Transcript What is the circulatory system?

The
Human Body
Circulatory and
Respiratory Systems
4th Grade
Science
EQ:
What is the circulatory system?
Circulatory K-W-L
Know
Want to Know
Learned
What is the circulatory system?
• “circ” means “to go around”
The circulatory system is the body
system that transports blood around
the body.
EQ:
What are the 4 main parts of the
blood?
Blood Key Terms
antibodies – proteins that attack invading germs
circulatory system – the system that carries blood around the body
coagulation- clumping of blood to form a solid mass
hemoglobin – a red pigment that can combine with oxygen; it gives
red blood cells their color
oxygen- colorless, odorless gas that is breathed in and is essential for
cell function in the human body
plasma – the watery part of the blood
platelets – the part of the blood that controls bleeding
red blood cells – the part of the blood that carries oxygen
white blood cells – the part of the blood that helps the body fight
infection
Blood Model
red blood cell
plasma
platelet
white blood cell
Charles Drew (1904-1950)
p.289-290
• African-American doctor
• Discovered that by removing the
solid cells in blood, keeping only
the plasma, the blood could be
stored for a long time
• Established the first blood bank in
New York City
• Saved thousands of lives during
WWII
EQ:
What are the 4 chambers of the
heart?
Cardiac Key Terms
aorta: carries blood from the left side of the heart to most of
the limbs and organs
atrium: a chamber of the heart that receives blood from the
veins and pumps it into a ventricle (atria or atriums)
ventricle: a chamber of the heart that receives blood from
the atrium and pumps it into the arteries
The Heart
EQ:
What carries blood away from the
heart?
What returns blood to the heart?
Pulse Key Terms
artery: blood vessel that transports blood away from the
heart to other parts of the body
blood pressure: the pressure, controlled by the
heartbeat, that is caused by blood pressing against
the walls of blood vessels
capillary: a tiny blood vessel
pulse: the throbbing of arteries caused by the rhythmic
beating of the heart
vein: a tube through which blood returns to the heart
You can keep your heart healthy by. . .
• Eating a well-balanced diet
– Limit cholesterol (fatty substance),rich foods
• red meat, cheese, and eggs
– Cholesterol can build up on the walls of arteries
• causing them to harden
• Narrow
• Block
• Exercising regularly
– Helps strengthen the heart
– Decreases the chance of heart disease
EQ:
What are the 4 human blood
types?
Types and Filtering Blood
blood types: different combinations of two proteins that are
found on the surface of blood cells; results in 4 blood types
(A, B, AB, O)
liver: an organ that removes and breaks down potentially
toxic substances in the body and converts them to
harmless waste products
spleen: the organ that is the disposal site for worn-out red blood
cells and also acts as a filter, trapping bacteria and viruses
that are transported in the blood
transfusion: the transferring of blood or blood parts from one
person to another
Karl Landsteiner
A
A
O
B
O
A
B
AB
B
AB
A
B
AB
AB
AB
A
O
B
O
O
AB
O
liver
•Removes and breaks
down toxic substances
•Converts to harmless
waste
spleen
• Disposal of worn-out
red blood cells
•Filters and traps
bacteria and viruses
Bill Nye “Science Guy”
Blood and Circulation
EQ:
What is the respiratory system?
Respiratory K-W-L
Know
Want to Know
Learned
What is the respiratory system?
• “respir” means “to breathe out”
The respiratory system is the body
system that takes in oxygen and gets
rid of carbon dioxide.
Respiratory System
alveoli: the air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen
for carbon dioxide takes place
bronchi: two small tubes that deliver air to the lungs
carbon dioxide: a waste gas that is removed from the blood and
exits the body when a person exhales
diaphragm: a thin sheet of muscle just below the lungs
larynx: also called the voice box, a part of the body that holds the
vocal cords
lungs: two pink, fleshy organs beneath the rib cage
ribs: bones that curve around the torso from your back to your
chest and surround protect your lungs and heart
throat: the part of the digestive system that connects the mouth
and the esophagus
trachea: also called the windpipe, a part of the body that brings
air to the lungs
EQ:
How does your blood get oxygen
from the air?
Non-smoker
vs.
Smoker
Bill Nye “Science Guy”
Respiration