Transcript Animal Characteristics and Classification

Animal
Classification
By Mrs. Herman
2013
Animals can be classified by what
kind of symmetry it has.
Radial Symmetry
the animal can be
divided into equal
parts that arranged
around central axis.
Bilateral Symmetry
can be divided into
two parts that are
nearly mirror images
of each other.
Asymmetry
cannot be divided
into any two parts
that are nearly
mirror images of
each other.
Domain
Archaebacteria
Eubacteria
Kingdom
Archaebacteria
Eubacteria
Phylum
Porifera
fish
Cnidaria
Platyhelmenthes
Protista
Class
Nematoda
amphilbia
reptilia
Chordata *
Eukarya
Animalia
Annelida
Mollusca
Fungi
Plantae
Arthropoda
Echinodea
bird
mammal
Phylum Porifera
 Characteristics:
 Asymmetrical
 No
tissues,
organs or organ
systems
 All live in water
 Examples:
 Sea Sponges
Phylum Cnidaria
 Characteristics:
 Radial
symmetry
 No organ or organ
systems
 All live in water
 Examples:
 Jellyfish, sea
anemones, hydras
and corals
Phylum Platyhelminthes


Characteristics:
 Bilateral symmetry
 Have nerve,
muscle and
digestive tissue
 Soft, flattened
bodies
 Digestive system
only has one
opening (mouth)
Examples:
 Flatworms including
tapeworm
Phylum Nematoda

Characteristics:





Bilateral symmetry
Have nerve, muscle
and digestive tissues
Bodies are round and
covered with stiff
outer covering
Digestive system has
two openings (mouth
and anus)
Examples:

roundworm
Phylum Annelida


Characteristics:
 Bilateral symmetry
 soft bodies
 Repeating segments
covered by a thin cuticle
 Digestive systems have
two opening
 Circulatory system made
of blood vessels that carry
blood throughout their
body
Examples:
 earthworms, leeches and
marine worms
Phylum Mollusca


Characteristics:
 Bilateral symmetry
 Bodies are soft
 Digestive system with
two openings
 Body contains heart,
stomach and other
organs
 Circulatory system
contains blood but no
blood vessels
 Must remain wet
Examples:
 Snails, slugs, clams,
mussels, octopi, squid
Phylum Arthropoda


Characteristics:
 Bilateral symmetry
 Exoskeletons – thick, hard outer coverings that
protect and support animals’ bodies
 Jointed appendages
 Segmented bodies
Examples:
 Insects, spiders, shrimp, crabs
Groups of Arthropoda
 Arachnids:
horseshoe crabs, spiders,
tick, mites, scorpions (adults have 8
legs)
 Crustaceans:
pill bugs.
crabs, lobsters, barnacles,
 Insects
– 6 legs, 2 antenna, 3 body
segments
 millipedes
and centipedes – many legs
Phylum Echinodermata


Characteristics:
 Radial symmetry
 Echinoderm – spiny
skin
 Thousands of small
muscular fluid-filled
tubes called tube
feet
 Complete digestive
system
 Only live in oceans
Examples:
 Sea star, sea
cucumbers, sea
urchins
Phylum Cordata - Vertebrates
 Characteristics:


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
5
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Well developed organ systems
Digestive system with two openings
Circulatory system that move blood through
the body
Nervous systems that include brains
Major Classes (groups):
Fish
Amphibians
Birds
Reptiles
mammals
Fish
 Most
spend their entire lives in water
 Contain gills for absorbing oxygen gas
from the water
 Paired fins for swimming
Groups of Fish
 Jawless
fish – hagfish and
lampreys
 Cartilaginous fish – have
skeletons made of
cartilage and include
sharks, skates, rays
 Bony fish – have skeletons
made of bone and
include trout, guppies,
tuna and thousands of
others.
Amphibians
 Young
live in water and
have gills, adults develop
lungs and live on land
 Amphibians have skeletons
made of bone and 4 legs.
 Their skin is smooth and
moist
 Hearts have 3 chambers
 Lay eggs without shells or
coverings on land.
 Examples include frogs,
toads and salamanders
Reptiles
 Skin
is water-proof and
covered in scales
 3 chambered hearts
 Have lungs throughout
their lives
 Lay eggs with leathery
shells
 Eggs laid on land
 Includes lizards, snakes,
turtles, crocodiles and
alligators
Birds

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Many birds make nests to hold their eggs
Eggs have hard shells
Many have unique calls or songs
Lightweight bones
Skin covered with feathers and scales
Two legs and two winds
Many can fly
Have beaks and do not chew their food
4 chambered hearts
Mammals
 Have
hair or fur
 Tear and chew their food using teeth
 Mammary glands that produce milk to feed young.
 Most birth live young
Groups of mammals
 Marsupials
 Gives
birth to live young but the embryo climbs
into the mother’s pouch to continue its
development.
 Examples include
 kangaroos
 Koalas
 Tasmanian
 wombats
devils
Groups of mammals
 Monotremes
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
Lays eggs
including only five living species
the duck-billed platypus
 four species of echidna (also known as spiny
anteaters).

Groups of mammals
 Placental



all bear live young
which are nourished before birth by the
placenta
Includes 4000 species including
 rodents,
bats, whales, elephants, shrews,
armadillos as well as dogs, cats, sheep, cattle,
horses and humans.